Inspiratory and Expiratory Vesicular Breath Sounds

Ploysongsang, Yongyudh; Iyer, Vijay K.; Ramamoorthy, Panapakkam A.

doi:10.1159/000195863

Cited by 8 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…From observation in our laboratory, these sounds are quite similar in the mammals, including man. They are produced by the movement of air in and out of the lung and their char acteristics are quite similar during both inspiration and expiration, as found in our previous work [1]. These facts suggest that they are probably produced by similar physical phenomena such as vibrations of bronchial wall and lung parenchyma and also at simi lar sites in man.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Reproducibility of the Vesicular Breath Sounds in Normal Subjects

1991

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Nonfiltered (NF) lung sounds from the apical area of the heart along with lung volumes and ECG signals were recorded from 5 normal subjects. The signals were digitized and subjected to three methods of heart sound cancelation: 75-Hz high-pass filtering (75 HF), ECG-triggered blanking (BL) and adaptive noise canceling (AF) [IEEE Trans. Biomed. Engng 33:1141–1148,1986]. The sound signals were then subjected to the fast Fourier transform algorithm to obtain power spectra. Five breaths from each subject were analyzed, and their spectra were similar and slightly skewed to the right. The average values of mean, median and mode frequencies of the whole breath of 5 subjects, respectively, were for NF: 64.62 ± 3.74, 44.57 ± 2.06 and 36.75 ± 1.79 Hz; for 75 HF: 150.42 ± 17.49, 114.02 ± 6.43 and 86.16 ± 3.13 Hz; for BL: 81.76 ± 6.02, 52.36 ± 2.79, 41.10 ± 3.15 Hz; for AF: 96.87 ± 11.58, 68.23 ± 10.44 and 52.25 ± 8.97 Hz. These values showed no differences between subjects. The F values obtained by the two-way analysis of variance of all breaths of all subjects (mean, median, mode) were: NF: 0.161, 0.341, 0.089; 75 HF: 0.455, 0.042, 0.085; BL: 0.108, 0.082, 0.057; AF: 0.130, 0.204, 0.113 (all p > 0.1). The data revealed a remarkable lack of variation within and between subjects, suggesting similar sites and mechanisms of production and transmission

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Reproducibility of the Vesicular Breath Sounds in Normal Subjects

1991

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“…Other researchers have developed lung analysis tools that can potentially be used in standard clinical practice from a practical point of view – ease of sensor placement [2], data display [2, 9, 15, 24] and detection of abnormal lung sounds [25, 26]. Those devices and the VRI device still require further evaluation regarding aspects of day-to-day practice: ease of use, duration of the overall process, display analysis and reading by nonresearchers of lung sounds, and reproducibility and reliability.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic Visualization of Lung Sounds with a Vibration Response Device: A Case Series

et al. 2007

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Background: The field of computer-assisted mapping of lung sounds is constantly evolving and several devices have been developed in this field. Objectives: Our objective was to evaluate a new computer-assisted lung sound imaging system, ‘vibration response imaging’ (VRI), that records and creates a dynamic image of breath sounds. We postulated that the VRI display format would qualitatively and quantitatively reveal breath sound distribution throughout the breathing cycle. Methods: Lung sounds were recorded from 5 healthy adults and 14 patients with various respiratory illnesses using VRI. The lung sounds were processed by the VRI software, which incorporates an algorithm to convert breath sounds in the frequency range of 150–250 Hz to a dynamic image and quantitative assessment of breath sound distribution. Results: Images and quantifications from recordings of the healthy adults showed distinct patterns for inspiration and expiration. Images and quantifications from the subjects with respiratory illness differed substantially from the images of the healthy subjects. Both healthy and pathological subjects presented some expected characteristics of breath sound distribution. Conclusions: The VRI device may provide a new perspective in acoustic imaging and quantification of breath sounds by adding aspects of time analysis and quantification of distribution to existing methods. Further studies will be required in order to establish reliability of repeated recordings and to validate the sensitivity of the system in detecting various lung pathologies.

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Lung sounds in neonates with and without an added dead space

Blowes

Yiallouros

Milner

1995

Pediatric Pulmonology

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Previous studies have reported great difficulty in recording lung sounds from neonates and have found conflicting results. We studied lung sounds in neonates during the inspiratory phase of the respiratory cycle as monitored by inductive plethysmography (A) and by a pneumotachograph and a face mask (B) which added a dead space of 12 mL. Sixteen term babies were tested 12 hr to 6 days (median 45 hours) after birth. Lung sounds were recorded and then analysed using overlapping and non-overlapping fast Fourier transforms. The two methods of analysis showed a difference in intensity but not in frequency. Fourteen babies provided enough breaths for comparison; a total of 596 inspirations were analysed. The intensity of lung sounds on occasion B was higher in all but two babies with a mean B/A ratio of 2.4. The mean (SD) power on occasions A and B was 13.9 (8.5) mW and 26.9 (21.0) mW, P = 0.02, respectively. In all but 4 babies the B/A ratios of the median (f50) and 90th centile (f90) frequencies were scattered randomly within 20% of unity. The mean (SD) f50 on occasions A and B was 205.5 (51.1) Hz and 225.8 (32.3) Hz, P = 0.10, respectively; the mean f90 was 370.3 (91.0) Hz and 396.1 (67.8) Hz, P = 0.25, respectively. Linear regression showed that there is a third-order polynomial relationship between sound intensity and air flow at the mouth. A weaker positive association exists between frequency and air flow, showing that the median and 90th centile frequencies approach an asymptote as flow increases.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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Inspiratory and Expiratory Vesicular Breath Sounds

Cited by 8 publications

References 6 publications

Reproducibility of the Vesicular Breath Sounds in Normal Subjects

Reproducibility of the Vesicular Breath Sounds in Normal Subjects

Dynamic Visualization of Lung Sounds with a Vibration Response Device: A Case Series

Lung sounds in neonates with and without an added dead space

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