Insomnia in Patients Seeking Care at an Orofacial Pain Unit

Cruz, Miguel Meira e; Lukic, Nenad; Wojczyńska, Aleksandra Zumbrunn; Steiger, Beat; Guimarães, Antônio Sérgio Alfredo; Ettlin, Dominik A

doi:10.3389/fneur.2019.00542

Cited by 10 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Pain catastrophizing was demonstrated to mediate the effects of distress in OFP patients, which was attributed to the helplessness component of the PCS ( 50 ). Due to the sample overlap, the prevalence of moderate and severe grades of insomnia (15%) confirms the 16% we previously reported ( 13 ). A novel finding of this study is that approximately one in seven patients (14%) perceived injustice of a clinically relevant level.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…On three additional scales from "not at all" (=0), "a little" (=1), "somewhat" (=2), "much" (=3), to "very much" (=4), the patient is asked how much he/she considers his/her sleep problem to interfere with daily activities, how noticeable the interference by his/her sleep problem is to others, and how worried/distressed the patient is because of his/her sleep problem. The maximum score is 28, with scales of "none" (0-7), "subthreshold" (8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14), "moderate" (15-21), or "severe" (>21). The following coefficient alpha has been reported: 0.74; test-retest reliability was not reported.…”

Section: Insomnia Severity Indexmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nine items covering different aspects of depression are scored on an ordinal scale ranging from 0 to 3 using the same labels as the GAD7. Summary scores range from 0 to 27, indicating depression levels of "none/minimal" (0-4), "mild" (5-9), "moderate" (10)(11)(12)(13)(14), "moderately severe" (15)(16)(17)(18)(19), or "severe" (>19). A cutoff score range of 8-11 has been recommended for expert evaluation referral.…”

Section: Patient Health Questionnairementioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the purpose of this paper, we refer to pain as a symptom and not as a diagnosis or psychological status per se. Sleep has been proposed as an additional axis II construct because a strong relationship between self-assessed sleep disturbances, OFP, and TMD has been observed (12,13). Perceived injustice, anger, illness perception, catastrophization, and dysmorphophobia are additional potential moderators of the pain-to-well-being relationship (14)(15)(16)(17).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Pain–to–Well-Being Relationship in Patients Experiencing Chronic Orofacial Pain

Bhalang

Steiger²,

Lukic

et al. 2020

Front. Neurol.

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Introduction: Orofacial pain features may negatively influence a person's well-being and vice versa. Some aspects of well-being can be measured with axis II instruments that assess patients' psychosocial and behavioral status. The aim of this study was to investigate associations between pain features and psychosocial variables as indicators of well-being.Materials and Methods: Seven hundred ninety-nine anonymized datasets collected using the Web-based Interdisciplinary Symptom Evaluation (WISE) of patients reporting to the Interdisciplinary Orofacial Pain Unit, University of Zurich, between March 19, 2017 and May 19, 2019, were analyzed. Pain features including intensity, number of locations, impact, and duration were evaluated. Psychometric measures assessed pain-related catastrophizing and disability, illness perception, distress, anxiety, depression, injustice experience, dysmorphic concerns, and insomnia.Results: Most patients were between 30 and 59 years old (58.3%), female (69.8%), working (66.0%), and experienced pain for more than 6 months (68.5%). Pain intensities were higher in women than men and higher in disabled than working patients. Scores indicating elevated stress and depression were also observed in disabled patients. The sample prevalence rates of clinically relevant axis II instrument scores were as follows: Graded Chronic Pain Scale for the Head (GCPS-H), 27%; Patient Health Questionnaire 4 (PHQ4), 21%; PHQ9, 21%; Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS), 20%; General Anxiety Disorder 7 (GAD7), 15%; Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), 15%; Injustice Experience Questionnaire (IEQ), 14%; GCPS for the Body (GCPS-B), 13%; PHQ for Stress (PHQstr), 6%; and Dysmorphic Concern Questionnaire (DCQ), 2%. Noteworthy results of correlation analysis of the clinically relevant axis II scores and pain measures were as follows: the PHQstr had moderate associations (0.34–0.43) with the sum of pain intensity at rest and during function, number of pain locations, and typical pain intensity. The IEQ scores were moderately associated with typical pain intensity at 0.39. The DCQ scores were moderately associated with pain extension at 0.41.Conclusions: Moderate correlations of certain pain and well-being measures were found in patients reporting clinically relevant stress, injustice experience, and dysmorphic concern, all of which reflect impaired well-being. PHQ4 is suitable for routine distress screening in the clinical setting.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Insomnia Severity Indexmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Patient Health Questionnairementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The Pain–to–Well-Being Relationship in Patients Experiencing Chronic Orofacial Pain

Bhalang

Steiger²,

Lukic

et al. 2020

Front. Neurol.

Self Cite

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show abstract

“…A high proportion of the study population reported clinically relevant insomnia (36%). This compares to 5.8% of general practice patients, 15.8% of care seekers at an orofacial pain unit, and 26.5% of chronic pain sufferers 31,32 . The high prevalence of sleep disorders in the present study is astonishing, as the average pain intensity was low.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%