Insomnia and Its Treatment

Mellinger, Glen D.

doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1985.01790260019002

Cited by 950 publications

(182 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Sleep disturbances have often been reported to be associated with depression and anxiety disorders. Mellinger (19) found that one third of those with serious insomnia in a population aged 18 to 79 years were characterized by syndromes resembling either major depression or generalised anxiety. Henderson (8) found insomnia associated with symptoms of both anxiety and depression in subjects older than 70 years, and Morgan (22) found symptoms of anxiety rather than depression as predictor of poor sleep quality in subjects aged 65 to 74 years.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Lugaresis study (16) from San Marino where 5713 subjects aged between 3 and 94 years were interviewed, reports of insomnia increased progressively after the 20th year. Mellinger (19) interviewed 3161 adults aged between 18 to 79 years in the National Survey of Psychotherapeutic Drug Use, a cross national survey in USA, and the prevalence of "trouble falling asleep or staying asleep a lot the past year" was 15% in the age group 35 to 49 years and 25% in the age group 65 to 79 years. One third of those with serious insomnia were characterized by syndromes resembling either depression or generalised anxiety.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Survey of Sleep Habits and Sleeping Difficulties in an Elderly Swedish Population

Mallon¹,

Hetta²

1997

Upsala Journal of Medical Sciences

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A random sample of 876 subjects aged 65-79 years were investigated by means of a questionnaire concerning sleep and related factors. Sleep problems were reported by 23.8% of females and 13.3% of males.Moderate or major complaints of maintaining sleep were reported by 43.5% of subjects, early morning awakening 33.4% and difficulties falling asleep 31.4%. Daytime sleepiness was more common among males, and a relationship between daytime sleepiness and perceived poor sleep was found. Daytime napping was common, but not related to poor sleep. The prevalence of regular sleeping pill users was 7.6% for females and 3.0% for males and a relationship between sleep problems, sleeping pill usage and psychiatric symptoms was established. Among the regular sleeping pill users 39.1% had possible depression (PD) and 63.0% had possible anxiety disorder (PA). Among respondents with sleep complaints 29.8% had PD and 48.7% had PA. Sleep problems were also related to impaired physical health. Various medical illnesses contributed to sleep complaints among males, and depression affected sleep the most among females.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Survey of Sleep Habits and Sleeping Difficulties in an Elderly Swedish Population

Mallon¹,

Hetta²

1997

Upsala Journal of Medical Sciences

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“…The prevalence of insomnia varies approximately from 9% to 50% according to population based surveys from the general population of adults in Europe and in the United States . Earlier studies were made in small community groups including less than 2,000 subjects 10, [30][31][32] . In 1996, Ohayon et al 33) conducted a study with a representative sample of the French population of 5,622 subjects of 15 years old or more.…”

Section: Studies On General Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Socioeconomic Impact of Insomnia in Working Populations

2005

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To determine whether insomnia impact the professional life of patients and have an economical weight, this review article focused on the socioeconomic impacts of sleep related problems in working populations. The goal is to summarise the work that has been accomplished in that field. Several occupational factors have an impact on insomnia: the work schedules (shift work and night work), the physical environment at work and the occupational stressors. Insomnia is also a common problem in daytime workers. The daytime functioning of insomniacs is a key point to understand the impact of insomnia on workers. Absenteeism is one major target in the evaluation of severe insomnia at the workplace. Most of the studies find a higher rate of work accidents in insomniacs. The economic impact is severe in term of direct and indirect costs. Insomnia is a common problem at the workplace. The negative impact is not only on individual but also at the societal levels. More epidemiological studies appear warranted to demonstrate a reciprocal link between work conditions and sleep disorders.

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“…The clinical reports of BzRA withdrawal involve supra-clinical doses and longer durations of use (18-90 months) [43]. Epidemiological studies indicate that the majority of hypnotic users report using hypnotics for 2 weeks or less and rarely escalate the dose beyond what was initially prescribed [44].…”

Section: Abuse Liabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Insomnia Pharmacotherapy

2012

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Summary The benzodiazepine receptor agonists (BzRAs) a melatonin receptor agonist and a histamine antagonist have all been approved as hypnotics. Beyond their differing mechanisms of action, they have differences in pharmacokinetics, and among the BzRAs differences in receptor subtype affinity and formulations, which provides the physician with broad options for tailoring therapy to each patient's specific needs. Consistent with their specific pharmacokinetics and formulations, these Food and Drug Administration-approved hypnotics have been shown to improve sleep with no evidence of tolerance development in long-term use. In addition, emerging data indicate these drugs also improve aspects of daytime function. Their side effects are either associated with the direct sedating effects of the drugs, doses greater than clinical doses, or a combination with alcohol or other sedating drugs. Anxiolytic BzRAs, sedating antidepressants and antipsychotics have been used off-label as hypnotics. However, in the absence of information regarding their dose range for efficacy and safety, their use as hypnotics is ill-advised.

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Insomnia and Its Treatment

Cited by 950 publications

References 12 publications

A Survey of Sleep Habits and Sleeping Difficulties in an Elderly Swedish Population

A Survey of Sleep Habits and Sleeping Difficulties in an Elderly Swedish Population

Socioeconomic Impact of Insomnia in Working Populations

Insomnia Pharmacotherapy

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