Insights to improve the plant nutrient transport by CRISPR/Cas system

Ceasar, Stanislaus Antony; Maharajan, Theivanayagam; Hillary, V. Edwin; Krishna, Thumadath Palayullaparambil Ajeesh

doi:10.1016/j.biotechadv.2022.107963

Cited by 27 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 219 publications

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“…Using effector fusion (Cas9 proteins or sgRNA) to alter transcription states of specific genomic loci, or rearrange the genome, can significantly expand the genome engineering modification utilizing the CRISPR/Cas9 system. CRISPR/Cas9 system has been widely adopted by researchers and applied in diverse fields, including microbes [ 48 ], plants [ 49 – 51 ], animals [ 52 ], insects [ 53 , 54 ], and human cell lines [ 55 ] (briefly explained in Fig. 3 ).…”

Section: Cas9 Proteinmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on the Mechanism and Applications of CRISPR/Cas9/Cas12/Cas13/Cas14 Proteins Utilized for Genome Engineering

Hillary

Ceasar

2022

Mol Biotechnol

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The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) and CRISPR-associated protein (CRISPR/Cas) system has altered life science research offering enormous options in manipulating, detecting, imaging, and annotating specific DNA or RNA sequences of diverse organisms. This system incorporates fragments of foreign DNA (spacers) into CRISPR cassettes, which are further transcribed into the CRISPR arrays and then processed to make guide RNA (gRNA). The CRISPR arrays are genes that encode Cas proteins. Cas proteins provide the enzymatic machinery required for acquiring new spacers targeting invading elements. Due to programmable sequence specificity, numerous Cas proteins such as Cas9, Cas12, Cas13, and Cas14 have been exploited to develop new tools for genome engineering. Cas variants stimulated genetic research and propelled the CRISPR/Cas tool for manipulating and editing nucleic acid sequences of living cells of diverse organisms. This review aims to provide detail on two classes (class 1 and 2) of the CRISPR/Cas system, and the mechanisms of all Cas proteins, including Cas12, Cas13, and Cas14 discovered so far. In addition, we also discuss the pros and cons and recent applications of various Cas proteins in diverse fields, including those used to detect viruses like severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). This review enables the researcher to gain knowledge on various Cas proteins and their applications, which have the potential to be used in next-generation precise genome engineering.

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Section: Cas9 Proteinmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on the Mechanism and Applications of CRISPR/Cas9/Cas12/Cas13/Cas14 Proteins Utilized for Genome Engineering

Hillary

Ceasar

2022

Mol Biotechnol

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“…Nutrient deficiency in most terrestrial ecosystems constrains global primary productivity in both natural and agricultural environments, threatening food security for a growing population and the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). An optimum supply of nutrients is essential for the normal growth, yield, and quality of crops ( Ceasar et al, 2022 ). Although nutrients could be present in sufficient amounts in some soils, they usually have low bioavailability due to diverse biological and physical processes that impair their uptake by plants ( Raghothama and Karthikeyan, 2005 ; Rengel and Marschner, 2005 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant-growth promotion by proteobacterial strains depends on the availability of phosphorus and iron in Arabidopsis thaliana plants

et al. 2022

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Phosphorus (as phosphate, Pi) and iron (Fe) are critical nutrients in plants that are often poorly available in the soil and can be microbially affected. This work aimed to evaluate how plant-rhizobacteria interaction changes due to different Pi or Fe nutritional scenarios and to study the underlying molecular mechanisms of the microbial modulation of these nutrients in plants. Thus, three proteobacteria (Paraburkholderia phytofirmans PsJN, Azospirillum brasilense Sp7, and Pseudomonas putida KT2440) were used to inoculate Arabidopsis seeds. Additionally, the seeds were exposed to a nutritional factor with the following levels for each nutrient: sufficient (control) or low concentrations of a highly soluble source or sufficient concentrations of a low solubility source. Then, the effects of the combinatorial factors were assessed in plant growth, nutrition, and genetic regulation. Interestingly, some bacterial effects in plants depended on the nutrient source (e.g., increased aerial zones induced by the strains), and others (e.g., decreased primary roots induced by Sp7 or KT2440) occurred regardless of the nutritional treatment. In the short-term, PsJN had detrimental effects on plant growth in the presence of the low-solubility Fe compound, but this was not observed in later stages of plant development. A thorough regulation of the phosphorus content was detected in plants independent of the nutritional treatment. Nevertheless, inoculation with KT2440 increased P content by 29% Pi-deficiency exposed plants. Conversely, the inoculation tended to decrease the Fe content in plants, suggesting a competition for this nutrient in the rhizosphere. The P-source also affected the effects of the PsJN strain in a double mutant of the phosphate starvation response (PSR). Furthermore, depending on the nutrient source, PsJN and Sp7 strains differentially regulated PSR and IAA- associated genes, indicating a role of these pathways in the observed differential phenotypical responses. In the case of iron, PsJN and SP7 regulated iron uptake-related genes regardless of the iron source, which may explain the lower Fe content in inoculated plants. Overall, the plant responses to these proteobacteria were not only influenced by the nutrient concentrations but also by their availabilities, the elapsed time of the interaction, and the specific identities of the beneficial bacteria.Graphical AbstractThe effects of the different nutritional and inoculation treatments are indicated for plant growth parameters (A), gene regulation (B) and phosphorus and iron content (C). Figures created with BioRender.com with an academic license.

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“…Similar lengths of MBD were shown in Arabidopsis and rice MBD (Table ). Understanding the functional residues of crop VITs may help scientists enrich essential metal ions into the edible part of the crop plants by modern genome editing looks like CRISPR/Cas . In the structure of EgVIT1, two protomers create a large cavity at the dimer interface, which helps metal ion translocation.…”

Section: Functional Residues Of Vitmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biofortification of Crops to Fight Anemia: Role of Vacuolar Iron Transporters

Krishna

Ceasar

Maharajan

2023

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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Plant-based foods provide all the crucial nutrients for human health. Among these, iron (Fe) is one of the essential micronutrients for plants and humans. A lack of Fe is a major limiting factor affecting crop quality, production, and human health. There are people who suffer from various health problems due to the low intake of Fe in their plant-based foods. Anemia has become a serious public health issue due to Fe deficiency. Enhancing Fe content in the edible part of food crops is a major thrust area for scientists worldwide. Recent progress in nutrient transporters has provided an opportunity to resolve Fe deficiency or nutritional problems in plants and humans. Understanding the structure, function, and regulation of Fe transporters is essential to address Fe deficiency in plants and to improve Fe content in staple food crops. In this review, we summarized the role of Fe transporter family members in the uptake, cellular and intercellular movement, and long-distance transport of Fe in plants. We draw insights into the role of vacuolar membrane transporters in the crop for Fe biofortification. We also provide structural and functional insights into cereal crops’ vacuolar iron transporters (VITs). This review will help highlight the importance of VITs for improving the Fe biofortification of crops and alleviating Fe deficiency in humans.

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Insights to improve the plant nutrient transport by CRISPR/Cas system

Cited by 27 publications

References 219 publications

A Review on the Mechanism and Applications of CRISPR/Cas9/Cas12/Cas13/Cas14 Proteins Utilized for Genome Engineering

A Review on the Mechanism and Applications of CRISPR/Cas9/Cas12/Cas13/Cas14 Proteins Utilized for Genome Engineering

Plant-growth promotion by proteobacterial strains depends on the availability of phosphorus and iron in Arabidopsis thaliana plants

Biofortification of Crops to Fight Anemia: Role of Vacuolar Iron Transporters

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