Insights on the working principles of flexible and efficient ITO-free organic solar cells based on solution processed Ag nanowire electrodes

Ajuria, Jon; Ugarte, Irati; Cambarau, Werther; Etxebarria, Ikerne; Tena‐Zaera, Ramón; Pacios, Roberto

doi:10.1016/j.solmat.2012.03.009

Cited by 84 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Many groups are beginning to incorporate silver nanowires as front electrodes for solar applications [99,134,171,[173][174][175][176]. Depending on the experimental conditions used for their fabrication, metallic nanowire networks can have haze factors varying between 1 and 30% [33].…”

Section: Solar Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flexible transparent conductive materials based on silver nanowire networks: a review

Langley¹,

Giusti²,

Mayousse³

et al. 2013

Nanotechnology

642

513

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The class of materials combining high electrical or thermal conductivity, optical transparency and flexibility is crucial for the development of many future electronic and optoelectronic devices. Silver nanowire networks show very promising results and represent a viable alternative to the commonly used, scarce and brittle indium tin oxide. The science and technology research of such networks aims at better understanding the physical and chemical properties of this nanowire-based material while opening attractive new applications.

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Section: Solar Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flexible transparent conductive materials based on silver nanowire networks: a review

Langley¹,

Giusti²,

Mayousse³

et al. 2013

Nanotechnology

642

513

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…61 The surface roughness of AgNW networks is reported to be responsible for low shunt resistances in OPV devices. 124 To correct for this, planarization of the rough electrode surface by means of a thick buffer layer has been proposed. 124 However, regardless of the amount of roughness of the AgNW mesh, the void regions between individual NWs must be filled in order to create a competitive transparent conducting electrode.…”

Section: Electrical Effects Of Plasmonic Transparent Electrodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…124 To correct for this, planarization of the rough electrode surface by means of a thick buffer layer has been proposed. 124 However, regardless of the amount of roughness of the AgNW mesh, the void regions between individual NWs must be filled in order to create a competitive transparent conducting electrode. These void regions act like pores that reduce conductivity and charge extraction properties of the electrode.…”

Section: Electrical Effects Of Plasmonic Transparent Electrodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ajuria et al prepared OPVs using a AgNW mesh as the transparent electrode with a thin layer of Ag (5 to 10 nm) sputtered on top of the AgNW mesh, and a buffer layer of ZnO to fill all gaps between AgNWs and create a continuous electrode for charge extraction and collection. 124 This created a quasicontinuous layer that performed as a void-bridging conductor. Their results suggested that a supporting layer is needed between adjacent AgNWs in order to provide the large transverse conductivity needed to collect all of the photogenerated charges.…”

Section: Electrical Effects Of Plasmonic Transparent Electrodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Plasmonic electrodes for bulk-heterojunction organic photovoltaics: a review

et al. 2015

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Abstract. Here, we review recent progress on the integration of plasmonic electrodes into bulkheterojunction organic photovoltaic devices. Plasmonic electrodes, consisting of thin films of metallic nanostructures, can exhibit a number of optical, electrical, and morphological effects that can be exploited to improve performance parameters of ultrathin photovoltaic active layers. We review the various types of plasmonic electrodes that have been incorporated into organic photovoltaics such as nanohole, nanowire, and nanoparticle arrays and grating electrodes and their impact on various device performance parameters. The use of plasmonic back electrodes can impact device performance in a number of ways because the mechanisms of performance improvements are often a complex combination of optical, electrical, and structural effects. Inverted bulk heterojunction device architectures have been shown to benefit from the multifunctionality of plasmonic back electrodes as they can minimize space-charge effects and reduce hole carrier collection lengths in addition to providing improved light localization in the active layer. The use of semi-transparent plasmonic electrodes can also be beneficial for organic photovoltaics as they can exhibit a variety of optical properties such as light scattering, light localization, extraordinary transmission of light, and absorption-induced transparency, in addition to providing an alternative to metal oxide-based transparent electrodes. © The Authors. Published by SPIE under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. Distribution or reproduction of this work in whole or in part requires full attribution of the original publication, including its DOI.

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“…In order to avoid a short circuit, the bottom AgNW layer was first flattened by compressing the nanowires while annealing the fabric devices at 150 °C for 15 minutes in an oven. 47,53 The additional layers were then spray-coated giving the structure shown in figure 6a (iii). This approach prevented the short circuits and resulted in an increased photovoltaic performance (device type 3 in table 1).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fully spray-coated organic solar cells on woven polyester cotton fabrics for wearable energy harvesting applications

Arumugam

Sundaram

et al. 2016

J. Mater. Chem. A

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a This paper presents the novel use of spray-coating to fabricate organic solar cells on fabrics for wearable energy harvesting applications. The surface roughness of standard woven 65/35 polyester cotton fabric used in this work is of the order of 150 µm and this is reduced to few microns by a screen printed interface layer. This pre-treated fabric substrate with reduced surface roughness was used as the target substrate for the spray-coated fabric organic solar cells that contains multiple layers of electrodes and active materials. A fully spray-coated photovoltaic (PV) devices fabricated on fabric substrates has been successfully demonstrated with comparable power conversion efficiency to the glass based counterparts. All PV devices are characterised under simulated AM 1.5 conditions. Device morphologies were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). This approach is potentially suitable for the low cost integration of PV devices into clothing and other decorative textiles.

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Insights on the working principles of flexible and efficient ITO-free organic solar cells based on solution processed Ag nanowire electrodes

Cited by 84 publications

References 31 publications

Flexible transparent conductive materials based on silver nanowire networks: a review

Flexible transparent conductive materials based on silver nanowire networks: a review

Plasmonic electrodes for bulk-heterojunction organic photovoltaics: a review

Fully spray-coated organic solar cells on woven polyester cotton fabrics for wearable energy harvesting applications

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