Insights on drug and gene delivery systems in liver fibrosis

Vyas, Kunj; Patel, Mayur M.

doi:10.1016/j.ajps.2023.100779

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 154 publications

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“…Activated HSCs expresseed high levels of retinol binding protein (RBP) receptors capable of uptaking vitamin A (VA). ,, Therefore, VA units were introduced into VPSGCNs@TSI to achieve the liver fibrosis-triggered targeting. Here, HSC cell LX-2 and normal hepatocytes L-02 cells were used to study the cytoselectivity of VPSGCNs@TSI.…”

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aggregation-Induced Emission CN-Based Nanoparticles to Alleviate Hypoxic Liver Fibrosis via Triggering HSC Ferroptosis and Enhancing Photodynamic Therapy

Liu,

Cai,

Wang

et al. 2024

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Hypoxia can lead to liver fibrosis and severely limits the efficacy of photodynamic therapy (PDT). Herein, carbon nitride (CN)-based hybrid nanoparticles (NPs) VPSGCNs@TSI for light-driven water splitting were utilized to solve this problem. CNs were doped with selenide glucose (Se-glu) to enhance their red/NIR region absorption. Then, vitamin A-poly(ethylene glycol) (VA-PEG) fragments and aggregation-induced emission (AIE) photosensitizers TSI were introduced into Se-glu-doped CN NPs (VPSGCNs) to construct VPSGCNs@TSI NPs. The introduction of VA-PEG fragments enhanced the targeting of the NPs to activated hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) and reduced their toxicity to ordinary liver cells. VPSGCN units could trigger water splitting to generate O 2 under 660 nm laser irradiation, improve the hypoxic environment of the fibrosis site, downregulate HIF-1α expression, and activate HSC ferroptosis via the HIF-1α/SLC7A11 pathway. In addition, generated O 2 could also increase the reactive oxygen species (ROS) production of TSI units in a hypoxic environment, thereby completely reversing hypoxia-triggered PDT resistance to enhance the PDT effect. The combination of water-splitting materials and photodynamic materials showed a 1 + 1 > 2 effect in increasing oxygen levels in liver fibrosis, promoting ferroptosis of activated HSCs and reversing PDT resistance caused by hypoxia.

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Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aggregation-Induced Emission CN-Based Nanoparticles to Alleviate Hypoxic Liver Fibrosis via Triggering HSC Ferroptosis and Enhancing Photodynamic Therapy

Liu,

Cai,

Wang

et al. 2024

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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“…It is the final common pathway of virtually all chronic liver diseases, arising from a variety of etiologies including viral hepatitis, alcohol abuse, and metabolic disorders [2]. Liver fibrosis can progress to cirrhosis and liver failure if the underlying cause is not treated, making early identification, and staging of fibrosis crucial [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical Insights into Fibrotic Livers: Applications of Near-Infrared Spectroscopy and Machine Learning

Addissouky,

El Sayed,

Ali

et al. 2024

Arch Gastroenterol Res

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Background: Liver fibrosis staging is critical for patient selection and management prior to transplantation, but biopsy is invasive and serum biomarkers lack accuracy. Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is an emerging non-invasive technology that can detect liver fibrosis via changes in tissue composition. Machine learning (ML) enables analysis of NIRS data for diagnostic modeling. Purpose: To review the potential of NIRS-ML approaches for rapid, point-of-care liver fibrosis detection, including technological principles, promising applications, current limitations, and future directions. Main body of the abstract: NIRS leverages unique near-infrared absorbance patterns reflecting collagen accumulation, lipid reduction, and other chemical alterations in fibrotic liver. Handheld/hyperspectral systems acquire tissue spectroscopic data in minutes. Multiple human studies correlate NIRS with histological fibrosis scores. ML techniques like partial least squares regression, neural networks, support vector machines, and random forests analyze spectra to develop optimized diagnostic algorithms. Initial models differentiate mild versus advanced fibrosis and stage cirrhosis with high accuracy, outperforming traditional biomarkers. Recent advances include smartphone-based scanning, cloud computing, and integrated user-friendly platforms. However, further large validation trials, standardization, assessment of confounding factors, improved ML methodology, and cost-effectiveness data are required before widespread clinical implementation. Conclusion: With ongoing research to address remaining barriers, NIRS-ML approaches hold great disruptive potential for rapid, non-invasive point-of-care quantification of liver fibrosis, including optimizing transplant surgery planning and management.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Initially, liver fibrosis is a pathological response to chronic liver damage. If the damage persists, it can progress to cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)(Vyas & Patel, 2023). Nevertheless, an effective management paradigm for chronic liver disease remains elusive.Encouragingly, numerous recent studies have highlighted the potential of dietary polyphenolic compounds as therapeutic agents or nutritional supplements for liver disease.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Human diet‐derived polyphenolic compounds and hepatic diseases: From therapeutic mechanisms to clinical utilization

Hu,

Zhang,

Wei

et al. 2023

Phytotherapy Research

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This review focuses on the potential ameliorative effects of polyphenolic compounds derived from human diet on hepatic diseases. It discusses the molecular mechanisms and recent advancements in clinical applications. Edible polyphenols have been found to play a therapeutic role, particularly in liver injury, liver fibrosis, NAFLD/NASH, and HCC. In the regulation of liver injury, polyphenols exhibit anti‐inflammatory and antioxidant effects, primarily targeting the TGF‐β, NF‐κB/TLR4, PI3K/AKT, and Nrf2/HO‐1 signaling pathways. In the regulation of liver fibrosis, polyphenolic compounds effectively reverse the fibrotic process by inhibiting the activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSC). Furthermore, polyphenolic compounds show efficacy against NAFLD/NASH by inhibiting lipid oxidation and accumulation, mediated through the AMPK, SIRT, and PPARγ pathways. Moreover, several polyphenolic compounds exhibit anti‐HCC activity by suppressing tumor cell proliferation and metastasis. This inhibition primarily involves blocking Akt and Wnt signaling, as well as inhibiting the epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT). Additionally, clinical trials and nutritional evidence support the notion that certain polyphenols can improve liver disease and associated metabolic disorders. However, further fundamental research and clinical trials are warranted to validate the efficacy of dietary polyphenols.

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Insights on drug and gene delivery systems in liver fibrosis

Cited by 11 publications

References 154 publications

Aggregation-Induced Emission CN-Based Nanoparticles to Alleviate Hypoxic Liver Fibrosis via Triggering HSC Ferroptosis and Enhancing Photodynamic Therapy

Aggregation-Induced Emission CN-Based Nanoparticles to Alleviate Hypoxic Liver Fibrosis via Triggering HSC Ferroptosis and Enhancing Photodynamic Therapy

Optical Insights into Fibrotic Livers: Applications of Near-Infrared Spectroscopy and Machine Learning

Human diet‐derived polyphenolic compounds and hepatic diseases: From therapeutic mechanisms to clinical utilization

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