Insights into the use of mesenchymal stem cells in COVID-19 mediated acute respiratory failure

Durand, Nisha; Mallea, Jorge M.; Zubair, Abba C.

doi:10.1038/s41536-020-00105-z

Cited by 50 publications

(55 citation statements)

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“…Stem cells show antiviral activity by suppressing viral replication, viral transmission and viral lung epithelial cell damage. And stem cell therapy is safe and could benefit COVID-19 patients with hypoxic respiratory failure and ARDS (28,29). In our study, stem cell therapy was applied to eighteen patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Confronting a Pandemic in Early Stages: A Retrospective Analysis From a Pandemic Hospital

Toker¹,

Kılıç²,

Eren³

et al. 2020

hamidiyemedj

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Background: Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) was spread worldwide by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2. We aimed to examine demographic and clinical findings and prognosis of the patients during the first forty days of the pandemic in our country (March 13-April 23, 2020). Materials and Methods: We analyzed the data of 561 COVID-19 patients hospitalized in a training and research hospital with a 1.607 bed capacity and 253 intensive care beds. Clinical, laboratory characteristics and radiographic findings were recorded and compared between intensive care unit (ICU) and non-ICU groups, and death and survived groups. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to identify independent risk factors for ICU admission and mortality. Results: The patients' mean age was 53.5±20.3 years, and the median age was 54 years (IQRs: 38-70). 53.7% (n=301) of the patients were male. The average time between the onset of symptoms and admission to the hospital was 3.88 (standard deviation ±3.1) days. The median hospital stay of the patients was eight days (IQRs: 5-11). The most common symptoms in patients were fever [257 (45.8%)], cough [333 (59.4%)], shortness of breath [220 (39.2%)], weakness [148 (26.4%)], and myalgia [130 (23.2%)]. While 21% of the patients (n=118) had at least one comorbid disease, 21.7% (n=122) had more than one additional disease. The most common comorbidities were hypertension, diabetes mellitus and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, with the rates of 20%, 16.8%, and 15.3%, respectively. Conclusion: Significant risk factors for ICU care and mortality were as follows: 1. Advanced age, 2. Having coronary artery disease and malignancy, 3. Leukocyte count over ten thousand, 4. Presence of lymphopenia, 5. Elevation of urea and creatinine, C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, Lactate dehydrogenase, D-dimer and cTnI. In our study, the thorax computed tomography played a vital corrective role in patients whose first real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction test was negative. Also, CURB-65 and qSOFA scores were significantly different in terms of mortality.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Confronting a Pandemic in Early Stages: A Retrospective Analysis From a Pandemic Hospital

Toker¹,

Kılıç²,

Eren³

et al. 2020

hamidiyemedj

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…MSC therapeutic effectiveness is probably limited to a niche of immunological disorders and immune-mediated illnesses such as graft- vs -host-disease, for which MSCs have demonstrated varying levels of efficacy in phase 1/2 clinical studies[ 27 ].…”

Section: Mscs and Their Immunomodulatory Response In Sars-cov-2mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The majority of deaths caused by COVID-19 are the result of ALI and ARDS due to rapid virus replication, massive inflammatory cell infiltration, and elevated proinflammatory cytokine/chemokine responses (cytokine storm), which are events that are associated with a dysregulation of the immune response and are crucial to controlling inflammation as early as possible[ 4 , 28 ]. ALI and ARDS are severe clinical manifestations of COVID-19, and while administration of MSCs to subjects with ARDS was well tolerated, efficacy data at the clinical level is not as compelling[ 27 ].…”

Section: Mscs and Their Immunomodulatory Response In Sars-cov-2mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One of these trials was conducted in Beijing's YouAn Hospital in China, from January 23, 2020, to February 16, 2020, and seven confirmed COVID-19 patients were included in the study and received an intravenous transplant of 1 × 10 6 MSCs per kilogram body weight. The patients had a clinical follow-up of 14 d in which no adverse effects were observed, reporting a decreased ratio of serum proinflammatory cytokine TNF-α and a subset of immune cells; in the same way, the symptoms of these seven patients improved two days after MSC transplantation[ 1 , 27 ].…”

Section: Sars-cov-2 Clinical Trials Employing Scs or Their Derivativesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As previously mentioned, the use of MSCs as an immunomodulatory and regenerative treatment has been suggested to treat COVID-19. Nevertheless, there are many challenges associated with MSC therapy, including low in vivo survival rates, dosing, cell isolation and growth strategies, and donor variability issues[ 27 ]. Moreover, it is essential to mention the intervention of the ACE2 receptor in COVID-19, as Desterke et al [ 42 ] reported that ACE2 is highly expressed in MSCs from adult bone marrow, adipose tissue, or umbilical cord[ 42 ].…”

Section: The Inconvenience Of Using Mscs In Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Different kinds of stem cells in the development of SARS-CoV-2 treatments

Mata-Miranda¹,

Sánchez-Brito²,

Vázquez-Zapién³

2021

WJSC

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On February 11, 2020, the World Health Organization officially announced the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), as an emerging recent pandemic illness, which currently has approximately taken the life of two million persons in more than 200 countries. Medical, clinical, and scientific efforts have focused on searching for new prevention and treatment strategies. Regenerative medicine and tissue engineering focused on using stem cells (SCs) have become a promising tool, and the regenerative and immunoregulatory capabilities of mesenchymal SCs (MSCs) and their exosomes have been demonstrated. Moreover, it has been essential to establishing models to reproduce the viral life cycle and mimic the pathology of COVID-19 to understand the virus's behavior. The fields of pluripotent SCs (PSCs), induced PSCs (iPSCs), and artificial iPSCs have been used for this purpose in the development of infection models or organoids. Nevertheless, some inconveniences have been declared in SC use; for example, it has been reported that SARS-CoV-2 enters human cells through the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptor, which is highly expressed in MSCs, so it is important to continue investigating the employment of SCs in COVID-19, taking into consideration their advantages and disadvantages. In this review, we expose the use of different kinds of SCs and their derivatives for studying the SARS-CoV-2 behavior and develop treatments to counter COVID-19.

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Evaluation of the safety and efficacy of using human menstrual blood‐derived mesenchymal stromal cells in treating severe and critically ill COVID‐19 patients: An exploratory clinical trial

Jiang

Chen

et al. 2021

Clinical & Translational Med

121

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The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) was identified in December 2019 and has subsequently spread worldwide. Currently, there is no effective method to cure COVID‐19. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) may be able to effectively treat COVID‐19, especially for severe and critical patients. Menstrual blood‐derived MSCs have recently received much attention due to their superior proliferation ability and their lack of ethical problems. Forty‐four patients were enrolled from January to April 2020 in a multicenter, open‐label, nonrandomized, parallel‐controlled exploratory trial. Twenty‐six patients received allogeneic, menstrual blood‐derived MSC therapy, and concomitant medications (experimental group), and 18 patients received only concomitant medications (control group). The experimental group was treated with three infusions totaling 9 × 10 7 MSCs, one infusion every other day. Primary and secondary endpoints related to safety and efficacy were assessed at various time points during the 1‐month period following MSC infusion. Safety was measured using the frequency of treatment‐related adverse events (AEs). Patients in the MSC group showed significantly lower mortality (7.69% died in the experimental group vs 33.33% in the control group; P = .048). There was a significant improvement in dyspnea while undergoing MSC infusion on days 1, 3, and 5. Additionally, SpO 2 was significantly improved following MSC infusion, and chest imaging results were improved in the experimental group in the first month after MSC infusion. The incidence of most AEs did not differ between the groups. MSC‐based therapy may serve as a promising alternative method for treating severe and critical COVID‐19.

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Insights into the use of mesenchymal stem cells in COVID-19 mediated acute respiratory failure

Cited by 50 publications

References 100 publications

Confronting a Pandemic in Early Stages: A Retrospective Analysis From a Pandemic Hospital

Confronting a Pandemic in Early Stages: A Retrospective Analysis From a Pandemic Hospital

Different kinds of stem cells in the development of SARS-CoV-2 treatments

Evaluation of the safety and efficacy of using human menstrual blood‐derived mesenchymal stromal cells in treating severe and critically ill COVID‐19 patients: An exploratory clinical trial

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