Insights into the molecular mechanisms of uptake, phytohormone interactions and stress alleviation by silicon: a beneficial but non-essential nutrient for plants

Thakur, Aayushee; Singh, Anupama; Tandon, Anchal; Sharma, Vishal

doi:10.1007/s10725-023-01002-3

Cited by 8 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 86 publications

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“…The physiological parameters evaluated in common beans were enhanced by the use of Si at an average dose close to 6.9 kg ha −1 , regardless of the potassium condition. Higher Si doses did not further improve physiological processes in the plants, likely due to the polymerization of Si resulting from increased deposition of the element in roots in the form of amorphous silica 61 , 62 This may be attributed to decreased Si absorption at higher doses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Silicon via fertigation with and without potassium application, improve physiological aspects of common beans cultivated under three water regimes in field

Gonzalez-Porras,

Teixeira,

Prado

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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Frequent droughts have led to an expansion of irrigated common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivation areas. An effective strategy to enhance water use efficiency and optimize crop growth is the application of silicon (Si) and potassium (K). However, the interaction between Si dosage, water regimes, and plant potassium status, as well as the underlying physiological mechanisms, remains unknown. This study aimed to assess the effects of Si doses applied via fertigation under various water regimes, in the presence and absence of potassium fertilization, on gas exchange, water use efficiency, and growth of Common beans in field conditions. Two experiments were conducted, one with and one without K supply, considering that the potassium content in the soil was 6.4 mmolc dm-3 in both experiments and a replacement dose of 50 kg ha was applied in the with K treatment, with the same treatments evaluated in both potassium conditions. The treatments comprised a 3 × 4 factorial design, encompassing three water regimes: 80% (no deficit), 60% (moderate water deficit), and 40% (severe water deficit) of soil water retention capacity, and four doses of Si supplied via fertigation: 0, 4, 8, and 12 kg ha−1. Where it was evaluated, content of photosynthetic pigments, fluorescence of photosynthesis, relative water content, leaf water potential and electrolyte extravasation, dry mass of leaves, stems and total. The optimal doses of Si for fertigation application, leading to increased Si absorption in plants, varied with decreasing soil water content. The respective values were 6.6, 7.0, and 7.1 kg ha−1 for the water regimes without deficit, with moderate water deficit, and with severe water deficit. Fertigation application of Si improved plant performance, particularly under severe water deficit, regardless of potassium status. This improvement was evident in relative water content, leaf water potential, and membrane resistance, directly impacting pigment content and gas exchange rates. The physiological effects resulted in enhanced photosynthesis in water-deficient plants, mitigating dry mass production losses. This research demonstrates, for the first time in common bean, the potential of Si to enhance irrigation efficiency in areas limited by low precipitation and water scarcity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Silicon via fertigation with and without potassium application, improve physiological aspects of common beans cultivated under three water regimes in field

Gonzalez-Porras,

Teixeira,

Prado

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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show abstract

“…Silicon significantly boosted the expression of AUX biosynthesis genes, OsYUCCA1 and OsTAA1 in rice plants under arsenate stress [46], and regulated the expression of genes in CK signalling pathway (Csa4G647490, Csa1G589070, Csa7G392940 and Csa3G150100) in salt-stressed cucumber plants [34] and downregulated the expression levels of ABA biosynthetic genes (SlNCEDI) and SA signalling genes (SlR1b1, SlPR-P2, SlICS, and SlPAL) in thermotolerant tomato plants [47]. However, studies detailing the molecular mechanisms underpinning Si's function in controlling hormonal signalling are limited, especially under drought stress [48][49][50][51].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel insights into the mechanism(s) of silicon-induced drought stress tolerance in lentil plants revealed by RNA sequencing analysis

Biju,

Fuentes,

Gupta

2023

BMC Plant Biol

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Background Lentil is an essential cool-season food legume that offers several benefits in human nutrition and cropping systems. Drought stress is the major environmental constraint affecting lentil plants’ growth and productivity by altering various morphological, physiological, and biochemical traits. Our previous research provided physiological and biochemical evidence showing the role of silicon (Si) in alleviating drought stress in lentil plants, while the molecular mechanisms are still unidentified. Understanding the molecular mechanisms of Si-mediated drought stress tolerance can provide fundamental information to enhance our knowledge of essential gene functions and pathways modulated by Si during drought stress in plants. Thus, the present study compared the transcriptomic characteristics of two lentil genotypes (drought tolerant-ILL6002; drought sensitive-ILL7537) under drought stress and investigated the gene expression in response to Si supplementation using high-throughput RNA sequencing. Results This study identified 7164 and 5576 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) from drought-stressed lentil genotypes (ILL 6002 and ILL 7537, respectively), with Si treatment. RNA sequencing results showed that Si supplementation could alter the expression of genes related to photosynthesis, osmoprotection, antioxidant systems and signal transduction in both genotypes under drought stress. Furthermore, these DEGs from both genotypes were found to be associated with the metabolism of carbohydrates, lipids and proteins. The identified DEGs were also linked to cell wall biosynthesis and vasculature development. Results suggested that Si modulated the dynamics of biosynthesis of alkaloids and flavonoids and their metabolism in drought-stressed lentil genotypes. Drought-recovery-related DEGs identified from both genotypes validated the role of Si as a drought stress alleviator. This study identified different possible defense-related responses mediated by Si in response to drought stress in lentil plants including cellular redox homeostasis by reactive oxygen species (ROS), cell wall reinforcement by the deposition of cellulose, lignin, xyloglucan, chitin and xylan, secondary metabolites production, osmotic adjustment and stomatal closure. Conclusion Overall, the results suggested that a coordinated interplay between various metabolic pathways is required for Si to induce drought tolerance. This study identified potential genes and different defence mechanisms involved in Si-induced drought stress tolerance in lentil plants. Si supplementation altered various metabolic functions like photosynthesis, antioxidant defence system, osmotic balance, hormonal biosynthesis, signalling, amino acid biosynthesis and metabolism of carbohydrates and lipids under drought stress. These novel findings validated the role of Si in drought stress mitigation and have also provided an opportunity to enhance our understanding at the genomic level of Si’s role in alleviating drought stress in plants.

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Silicon regulates phosphate deficiency through involvement of auxin and nitric oxide in barley roots

Kandhol,

Rai,

Mishra

et al. 2024

Planta

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Insights into the molecular mechanisms of uptake, phytohormone interactions and stress alleviation by silicon: a beneficial but non-essential nutrient for plants

Cited by 8 publications

References 86 publications

Silicon via fertigation with and without potassium application, improve physiological aspects of common beans cultivated under three water regimes in field

Silicon via fertigation with and without potassium application, improve physiological aspects of common beans cultivated under three water regimes in field

Novel insights into the mechanism(s) of silicon-induced drought stress tolerance in lentil plants revealed by RNA sequencing analysis

Silicon regulates phosphate deficiency through involvement of auxin and nitric oxide in barley roots

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