Insights into the mechanisms of non-coding RNAs’ implication in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease

Khodayi-Shahrak, Majid; Khalaj‐Kondori, Mohammad; Feizi, Mohammad Ali Hosseinpour; Talebi, Mahnaz

doi:10.17179/excli2022-5006

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Brain microglia respond to neurodegenerative diseases with complex reactions via the induction of a pro-inflammatory phenotype, and may secrete NVs, EXs and/or EMVs enriched in potentially pathogenic miRNAs such as the Let-7 series of miRNA-like ssRNAs, miRNA-7, miRNA-9, miRNA-30b, miRNA-34a, miRNA-125b, miRNA-146a, miRNA-155, miRNA-450b and others that are known to promote neuro-inflammation and amyloidogenesis, induce complement activation, disrupt innate-immune signaling and deregulate the expression of neuron-specific phosphoproteins involved in neurotropic support and synaptic signaling [ 98 , 99 , 100 , 101 , 102 , 103 , 104 ];…”

Section: Specific Features Of Mirna Abundance Speciation and Traffick...mentioning

confidence: 99%

MicroRNA (miRNA) Complexity in Alzheimer’s Disease (AD)

Lukiw

2023

Biology

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AD is a complex, progressive, age-related neurodegenerative disorder representing the most common cause of senile dementia and neurological dysfunction in our elderly domestic population. The widely observed heterogeneity of AD is a reflection of the complexity of the AD process itself and the altered molecular-genetic mechanisms operating in the diseased human brain and CNS. One of the key players in this complex regulation of gene expression in human pathological neurobiology are microRNAs (miRNAs) that, through their actions, shape the transcriptome of brain cells that normally associate with very high rates of genetic activity, gene transcription and messenger RNA (mRNA) generation. The analysis of miRNA populations and the characterization of their abundance, speciation and complexity can further provide valuable clues to our molecular-genetic understanding of the AD process, especially in the sporadic forms of this common brain disorder. Current in-depth analyses of high-quality AD and age- and gender-matched control brain tissues are providing pathophysiological miRNA-based signatures of AD that can serve as a basis for expanding our mechanistic understanding of this disorder and the future design of miRNA- and related RNA-based therapeutics. This focused review will consolidate the findings from multiple laboratories as to which are the most abundant miRNA species, both free and exosome-bound in the human brain and CNS, which miRNA species appear to be the most prominently affected by the AD process and review recent developments and advancements in our understanding of the complexity of miRNA signaling in the hippocampal CA1 region of AD-affected brains.

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