Insights into the early stage of Pinus nigra Arn. somatic embryogenesis using discovery proteomics

Klubicová, Katarína; Uvackova, Lubica; Danchenko, Maksym; Nemeček, Peter; Škultéty, Ľudovít; Salaj, J.; Salaj, Terézia

doi:10.1016/j.jprot.2017.05.013

Cited by 28 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…Methionine synthase and S -adenosylmethionine synthetase are key enzymes in the synthesis of methionine and the metabolic precursor S -adenosylmethionine ( S -AdoMet) from aspartate, and act by feeding ethylene and polyamine production within the cell ( Ravanel et al, 1998 ); more recently, they have been associated with the DNA methylation system ( Morel et al, 2014b ; De-la-Peña et al, 2015 ). These are detected as more abundant at early SE in the fern Cyathea delgadii ( Domzalska et al, 2017 ), Zea mays ( Sun et al, 2013 ), P. glauca ( Lippert et al, 2005 ), Citrus sinensis ( Pan et al, 2009 ), Pinus nigra ( Klubicová et al, 2017 ), and Persea americana ( Guzmán-García et al, 2013 ), and more abundant in somatic embryo maturation stages in Quercus suber ( Gomez-Garay et al, 2013 ), Pinus pinaster ( Morel et al, 2014b ), Araucaria angustifolia ( Jo et al, 2014 ), and Larix × eurolepis ( Teyssier et al, 2011 , 2014 ). Aspartate aminotransferase, an aminotransferase enzyme that catalyzes the interconversion of aspartate and α-ketoglutarate by transferring the amino group and yields oxaloacetate and glutamate, was detected as more abundant during the late stages of somatic embryo development in Medicago truncatula and in C. delgadii ( Almeida et al, 2012 ; Domzalska et al, 2017 ).…”

Section: Metabolic Pgr-precursorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced Proteomic Approaches to Elucidate Somatic Embryogenesis

Aguilar-Hernández

Loyola‐Vargas

2018

Front. Plant Sci.

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Somatic embryogenesis (SE) is a cell differentiation process by which a somatic cell changes its genetic program and develops into an embryonic cell. Investigating this process with various explant sources in vitro has allowed us to trace somatic embryo development from germination to plantlets and has led to the generation of new technologies, including genetic transformation, endangered species conservation, and synthetic seed production. A transcriptome data comparison from different stages of the developing somatic embryo has revealed a complex network controlling the somatic cell’s fate, suggesting that an interconnected network acts at the protein level. Here, we discuss the current progress on SE using proteomic-based data, focusing on changing patterns of proteins during the establishment of the somatic embryo. Despite the advanced proteomic approaches available so far, deciphering how the somatic embryo is induced is still in its infancy. The new proteomics techniques that lead to the quantification of proteins with different abundances during the induction of SE are opening this area of study for the first time. These quantitative differences can elucidate the different pathways involved in SE induction. We envisage that the application of these proteomic technologies can be pivotal to identifying proteins critical to the process of SE, demonstrating the cellular localization, posttranslational modifications, and turnover protein events required to switch from a somatic cell to a somatic embryo cell and providing new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying SE. This work will help to develop biotechnological strategies for mass production of quality crop material.

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Section: Metabolic Pgr-precursorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced Proteomic Approaches to Elucidate Somatic Embryogenesis

Aguilar-Hernández

Loyola‐Vargas

2018

Front. Plant Sci.

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“…The existing literature addressing N and C during conifer somatic embryo germination is mostly comprised of omics data (e.g. metabolomics, proteomics and transcriptomics) (Robinson et al 2009;Canales et al 2014;Dobrowolska et al 2017;Klubicová et al 2017). However, in a recent study, improved root growth of pine somatic embryos germinated on medium supplemented with solely organic N was reported (Llebrés et al 2017).…”

Section: Electronic Supplementary Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen utilization during germination of somatic embryos of Norway spruce: revealing the importance of supplied glutamine for nitrogen metabolism

Carlsson

Egertsdotter

Ganeteg

et al. 2018

Trees

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Key message This paper shows that germinating Norway spruce somatic embryos are dependent on the carbon and nitrogen supplied in the medium, and that supplied glutamine accounts for 50 % of assimilated nitrogen during germination. Abstract The female megagametophyte, which provides the zygotic embryo with nitrogen (N), carbon (C) and energy during germination, is not present in Norway spruce (Picea abies) mature somatic embryos. Therefore, somatic embryos presumably rely on nutrients supplied in the germination medium in addition to their storage compounds accumulated during maturation. However, to what extent stored versus supplied compounds contribute to a somatic embryo germination is unclear. In this 24-day study, we addressed the above question by monitoring the biomass changes and the N and C budget during somatic embryo germination, under low-intensity red light. We found that the C and N storage reserves, accumulated during the maturation phase, were not sufficient to support the growth of the germinating somatic embryos, rather they were dependent on the medium components. In addition, in a previous study it has been found that glutamine (Gln) supplied in the medium was crucial for maintaining the primary amino acid (AA) metabolism and growth of the proliferating embryogenic cultures of Norway spruce (Carlsson et al., PLoS One 12(8):e0181785, 2017). Therefore, we hypothesised that Gln would be required as a significant source of N also during somatic embryo germination. By tracing the uptake of isotopically labelled N-sources from the medium and further into primary N assimilation, we found that Gln was the preferred source of N for the germinating somatic embryos, accounting for 50% of assimilated N. As the amounts of both arginine (Arg) and Gln were increased in the germinating somatic embryos, it also suggested that germination in low-intensity red light promoted N storage, similar to what has been observed in the zygotic embryo maturation in conifers (King, Gifford, Plant Physiol 113:1125-1135, 1997).

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“…Analogous to the development of zygotic embryos in nature ( Von Aderkas et al, 2015 ), the elimination of auxin exposure during periods of darkness has been frequently applied to obtain competent embryos ( Filonova, Bozhkov & Von Arnold, 2000 ; Guillou et al, 2018 ). Consequently, experimental studies aimed at quantifying the effect of light on SE maturation have been unable to resolve the possible discrepancies arising from its effects ( Devi, Sharma & Ahuja, 2014 ; Mikuła et al, 2015 ), because in some ferns, angiosperms, and gymnosperms, light exposure improves SE formation and maturation, both anatomically and biochemically ( Mikuła et al, 2015 ; Von Aderkas et al, 2015 ; Klubicová et al, 2017 ). An especially prominent effect of light was demonstrated in the embryonal root cap in a Larix × marschlinsii hybrid line obtained via secondary embryogenesis ( Von Aderkas et al, 2015 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morpho-histological development of the somatic embryos of Typha domingensis

Hernández-Piedra

Ruiz-Carrera

Sánchez

et al. 2018

PeerJ

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BackgroundSustainable methods of propagation of Typha domingensis through somatic embryogenesis can help mitigate its current condition of ecological marginalization and overexploitation. This study examined whether differentiation up to coleoptilar embryos could be obtained in an embryogenic line proliferated with light and high auxin concentration.MethodsMurashige and Skoog medium at half ionic strength and containing 3% sucrose and 0.1% ascorbic acid was used for the three embryogenic phases. Induction started with aseptic 9-day-old germinated seeds cultured in 0.5 mg L−1 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic (2,4-D). Proliferation of the embryogenic callus was evaluated at 2,4-D concentrations ranging from 0 to 2 mg L−1 in cultures maintained in the dark. The dominant embryogenic products obtained in each treatment were used as embryogenic lines in the third phase. Thus, maturation of the somatic embryos (SEs) was analyzed using four embryogenic lines and under light vs. dark conditions. Embryogenic differentiation was also monitored histologically.ResultsProliferation of the nine morphogenetic products was greater in the presence of 2,4-D, regardless of the concentration, than in the absence of auxin. Among the products, a yellow callus was invariably associated with the presence of an oblong SE and suspended cells in the 2,4-D treatments, and a brown callus with scutellar somatic embryos (scSEs) in the treatment without 2,4-D. During the maturation phase, especially the embryogenic line but also the light condition resulted in significant differences, with the highest averages of the nine morphogenetic products obtained under light conditions and the maximum concentration of auxin (YC3 embryogenic line). Only this line achieved scSE growth, under both light and dark conditions. Structurally complete coleoptilar somatic embryos (colSEs) could be anatomically confirmed only during the maturation phase.DiscussionIn the embryogenic line cultured with the highest auxin concentration, light exposure favored the transdifferentiation from embryogenic callus to scSE or colSE, although growth was asynchronous with respect to the three embryogenic phases. The differentiation and cellular organization of the embryos were compatible with all stages of embryogenic development in other monocotyledons. The growth of colSEs under light conditions in the YC3 embryogenic line and the structurally complete anatomic description of colSEs demonstrated that differentiation up to coleoptilar embryos could be obtained. The diversity of embryogenic products obtained in the YC3 embryogenic line opens up the opportunity to synchronize histological descriptions with the molecules associated with the somatic embryogenesis of Typha spp.

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Insights into the early stage of Pinus nigra Arn. somatic embryogenesis using discovery proteomics

Cited by 28 publications

References 74 publications

Advanced Proteomic Approaches to Elucidate Somatic Embryogenesis

Advanced Proteomic Approaches to Elucidate Somatic Embryogenesis

Nitrogen utilization during germination of somatic embryos of Norway spruce: revealing the importance of supplied glutamine for nitrogen metabolism

Morpho-histological development of the somatic embryos of Typha domingensis

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