Insights into secondary growth in perennial plants: its unequal spatial and temporal dynamics in the apple (Malus domestica) is driven by architectural position and fruit load

Abstract

The results support the idea that relationships between production of photosynthates and allocation depend on both primary growth and branch architectural position. Fruit load mainly interacted with secondary growth later in the season, especially on old branch portions.

Acorn production is linked to secondary growth but not to declining carbohydrate concentrations in current-year shoots of two oak species

“…However, the studies show contrasting results for the relationship between growth and fruiting. For instance, fruit development is affected differently by primary and secondary growth in current-year shoots of fruit-trees (Barnola and Crabbé 1993;Farina et al 2006;Solar et al 2006;Lauri et al 2010). According to George et al (1996) and Porter et al (2002), shoot diameter is related positively to fruit set and fruit size.…”

Source-Sink Relationship in Litchi verses Mango: A Concept

“…seeds > fleshy fruit part >shoot apices > mature leaves >cambium >roots > storage (Lauri et al, 2010). The overlap in time between primary growth (encompassing shoot extension and fruit growth), and secondary growth plays an important role in shaping these allometric relationships.…”

A New Insight into Pruning Strategy in the Biennial Cycle of Fruiting: Vegetative Growth at Shoot and Whole-tree Level, Yield and Fruit Quality of Apple

“…Most of the shoots were in the bourse shoot category, i.e. they were generated from axils of spur leaves beneath the flower cluster, and have sympodial and sylleptic character (Costes and Guedon, 2002;Lauri et al, 2010). All measurements for vegetative growth (i.e.…”

“…In this case, it can be put forward that there is no negative subsequent-year effect of low yield ('off-year') on vegetative growth at shoot level on trees if no pruning takes place. Early data of Lauri et al (2010) suggest that high yield interacts with secondary (cambial) growth later in the season (when primary growth is ceased), especially on old tree portions, and, eventually, reduces secondary growth. Thus, according to the 'coordination theory', in which there is a linear correlation between shoot growth and root growth, primary growth (shoot length here) is not affected by yield, and competition mainly is of fruit and roots, decreasing the vegetative growth at whole-tree level (Genard et al, 2008;Lauri et al, 2010).…”

“…As trees age, a moderate or reduced vegetative growth is preferred (Atay and Lauri, 2013). Under a given set of conditions, fruit trees can show different vegetative growth reactions at shoot and whole-tree level (Lauri et al, 2010). The expectation from a bearing tree is to maintain regular yields of marketable fruit (Pellerin et al, 2012).…”