Insights into panicoid inflorescence evolution

Reinheimer, Renata; Amsler, Alicia; Vegetti, Abelardo Carlos

doi:10.1007/s13127-012-0110-6

Cited by 7 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Management of grassy ecosystems requires understanding of grass biology that includes their breeding systems. Grasses display a broad spectrum of breeding systems, inflorescence types and physiology (Campbell et al 1983;Quiroga et al 2010;Christin et al 2012;Reinheimer et al 2013aReinheimer et al , 2013b. Breeding systems in grasses include asexual reproduction, both vegetative and by seeds (apomixis), and types of pollination ranging from outcrossing with self-incompatibility to self-compatible (Connor 1979;Richards 1990;Gibson 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Self-pollination is viewed as an evolutionary adaptation to environmental influences (Lord 1981;Lloyd and Schoen 1992;Quiroga et al 2010;Sicard and Lenhard 2011;Reinheimer et al 2013aReinheimer et al , 2013b. Furthermore, the presence, abundance and, in some cases, the nature of the expression of CL, are affected by ecological, morphological and physiological factors (Lindauer and Quinn 1972;Clay 1982;Campbell et al 1983;Clay and Antonovics 1985;Philipson 1986).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A review of the classification and taxonomic and geographic distribution of cleistogamy in Australian grasses

Thompson¹

2021

Aust. J. Bot.

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Cleistogamy, self-fertilisation within a closed flower, was found in 135 Australian grass species from 46 genera within 5 subfamilies representing 14% of the species and 30% of the genera. This represents an increase from 4% of species and 12% of genera from previous records. Expressions of cleistogamy were classified into three main categories on the basis of: presence or absence of anther dimorphism, presence of amphigamy with or without spikelet peculiarities, and chasmogamous and cleistogamous spikelets on separate plants. One category of these dimorphisms involves species that have differing terminal and axillary inflorescences (amphigamy) with corresponding spikelets so different that the axillary ones appear to belong to a different genus. Dimorphisms within cleistogamous species were found in inflorescences, spikelets, florets, anthers and caryopses. The highest concentration of Australian cleistogamous grasses occurs in the subtropical climatic zone and more than three-quarters of the species are chloridoid and panicoid with nearly equal proportions. Of Australian cleistogamous grasses, 33% have C3 photosynthetic pathway and 67% have C4, and the largest taxonomic groups are panicoid with 38% and chloridoid with 39%.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of the classification and taxonomic and geographic distribution of cleistogamy in Australian grasses

Thompson¹

2021

Aust. J. Bot.

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“…Only the general terms raceme, spike and panicle have been used to describe its diversity (De Wet and Harlan, 1970;Hilu and Alice, 2001;Liu et al, 2005;Neves et al, 2005;Jewell et al, 2012b;Snow et al, 2013;Kellogg, 2015a;Peterson et al, 2015); nevertheless, this assumption is based on general descriptions of a small number of species. Previous studies have demonstrated that a better understanding of the diversity of inflorescence types can be achieved when morphological data are analyzed in a comparative manner based on phylogeny (Liu et al, 2005;Reinheimer et al, 2013;Pilatti, 2016). In addition, even with the possibility of finding more types than initially assumed for a group, it has been shown that the frequency of occurrence of the types may vary, where some types are more frequently observed than others (Reinheimer et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies have demonstrated that a better understanding of the diversity of inflorescence types can be achieved when morphological data are analyzed in a comparative manner based on phylogeny (Liu et al, 2005;Reinheimer et al, 2013;Pilatti, 2016). In addition, even with the possibility of finding more types than initially assumed for a group, it has been shown that the frequency of occurrence of the types may vary, where some types are more frequently observed than others (Reinheimer et al, 2013). These observations uncover the existence of constraints (genetic, developmental, or environmental) that direct the evolution of the inflorescence.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inflorescence diversity in subtribe Eleusininae (Poaceae: Chloridoideae: Cynodonteae)

Muchut

Pilatti

Uberti-Manassero

et al. 2017

Flora

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“…In fact, it was previously assumed that the paired spikelet trait found in some species of the Paniceae, Paspaleae, and Andropogoneae tribes could have arisen independently several times, or arisen in the common ancestor of the three tribes but was subsequently lost (i.e., reversion to single spikelets; Figure 3-1). Additionally, the Andropogoneae tribe was classified as the only grass tribe composed exclusively of paired spikelet species (Tanaka et al 2013;Reinheimer et al 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution and development of the paired spikelet trait in maize and other grasses (Poaceae)

Johnson¹

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Meristems are composed of groups of tightly-regulated cells that coordinate the number of stem cells in the central zone of the meristem with the number of cells migrating to organ primordia in the peripheral zones of the meristem. Mutations disturbing this balance can cause significant changes to the resulting plant structure. In order to buffer the meristem against drastic changes, it is necessary to have overlapping pathways regulating meristem maintenance and meristem determinacy. Furthermore, components and functions of these pathways are often conserved between plant lineages. While flowering in Arabidopsis occurs from the direct transition of the shoot apical meristem to a floral meristem, the grasses develop numerous axillary meristems that specify several different structures (i.e. inflorescences, branches, and grass spikelets), making the maintenance and identity of these meristems interesting areas of research. Thus, my first chapter reviews the mechanisms by which meristems are initiated and maintained through the complex organization of meristem size and determinacy pathways in plants. Members of the grass family develop inflorescences composed of spikelets, which house the inconspicuous grass flowers. One compelling difference between grass species is that, while the majority of the approximately 12,000 taxa develop single spikelets, there are also a significant number of species that produce paired spikelets. It is widely acknowledged that the subfamily Panicoideae contains many paired spikelet species, namely within three tribes that include significant crop species (i.e., maize, sorghum, setaria, and switchgrass). However, there are many cereal crops (i.e., wheat and rice) which develop single spikelets, indicating that the paired spikelet trait may be important to study as a way to increase yield in single spikelet species. My research into the semi-dominant maize mutant Suppressor of sessile spikelet1 (Sos1) investigated the developmental basis behind the paired spikelet trait. While maize plants normally bear paired spikelets, Sos1 mutants develop single spikelets in the tassel inflorescence and alternating rows of single kernels in the ear. A previous study examined this mutant early in development and revealed that the mutant inflorescence meristems were smaller than normal, which suggested a potential role for the sos1 gene in meristem maintenance. The objective of my second chapter was to summarize what is known about the Sos1 mutant, and uncover the role of the sos1 gene in meristem maintenance. Double mutants were generated between Sos1 and members of the CLAVATA signaling pathway, which is a well-known pathway shown to be critical for maintaining meristem size in maize, Arabidopsis, and other plant systems. Analysis of these double mutants indicated that sos1 functions in this important meristem maintenance pathway. Research into the Sos1 maize mutant also prompted a more in-depth investigation into the evolution of the paired spikelet trait in the grasses, which was previously only assumed to occur in three tribes of the Panicoideae subfamily. The objective of my third chapter was to determine if the paired spikelet trait evolved multiple times in the grasses. My analysis highlighted the fact that the paired spikelet trait originated before the Panicoideae subfamily. This study uncovered that species developing paired spikelets are prevalent in more grass lineages than previously shown, and highlights a pattern of repeated losses and origins of the paired spikelet trait throughout the family.

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Insights into panicoid inflorescence evolution

Cited by 7 publications

References 31 publications

A review of the classification and taxonomic and geographic distribution of cleistogamy in Australian grasses

A review of the classification and taxonomic and geographic distribution of cleistogamy in Australian grasses

Inflorescence diversity in subtribe Eleusininae (Poaceae: Chloridoideae: Cynodonteae)

Evolution and development of the paired spikelet trait in maize and other grasses (Poaceae)

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