2002
DOI: 10.1530/eje.0.1470435
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Insights into obesity and insulin resistance from the study of extreme human phenotypes

Abstract: The detailed study of rare, extreme human phenotypes has a long and distinguished history in endocrinology. Such individuals have often acted as 'experiments of nature' providing important novel information regarding endocrine physiology and mechanistic insights relevant to the study of more common endocrine disorders. This review presents a personal experience of the study of two such extreme phenotypes, obesity and severe insulin resistance.

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Cited by 22 publications
(20 citation statements)
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References 38 publications
(30 reference statements)
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“…We had been (and continue to be) interested in studying humans who were very resistant to the actions of insulin, hoping that these patients were most likely to give novel insights into the human biology of this hormone. 26 As obesity is associated with insulin resistance, we began to become interested in the control of body weight. In the early 1990s, a patient referred to the Addenbrooke's Hospital Endocrine Clinic had severe obesity from a young age but also a range of additional unexplained endocrine disturbances.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…We had been (and continue to be) interested in studying humans who were very resistant to the actions of insulin, hoping that these patients were most likely to give novel insights into the human biology of this hormone. 26 As obesity is associated with insulin resistance, we began to become interested in the control of body weight. In the early 1990s, a patient referred to the Addenbrooke's Hospital Endocrine Clinic had severe obesity from a young age but also a range of additional unexplained endocrine disturbances.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Foram identificados dois primos de origem paquistanesa, homozigotos para uma mutação frameshift no gene da leptina. Esta mutação resultou em uma proteína truncada que não era secretada pela célula (5). As crianças, que tinham peso normal ao nascimento, desenvolveram precocemente uma obesidade extrema relacionada à hiperfagia severa.…”
Section: Leptinaunclassified
“…Chama a atenção a ausência de efeitos da hipoleptinemia sobre o crescimento linear e sobre o eixo hipotálamo-hipófise-adrenal em humanos, em contraste aos camundongos (5). Estas crianças estão sendo tratadas com leptina recombinante, com respostas benéficas em termos de peso corporal, distúrbios neuroendócrinos/metabólicos, disfunção imunológica e qualidade de vida, apesar da formação de anticorpos neutralizantes (5,11,12). Este é o primeiro exemplo de farmacoterapia efetiva, direcionada para a causa, de uma forma de obesidade mórbida em humanos.…”
Section: Leptinaunclassified
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