Insights into Flood Wave Propagation in Natural Streams as Captured with Acoustic Profilers at an Index-Velocity Gaging Station

Muste, Marian; Kim, Dongsu; Kim, Kyungdong

doi:10.3390/w14091380

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Channel cross-sections that include bathymetric profiles are needed for every gauged site and would greatly further the understanding of river dynamics and the improvement of rating curves. Moreover, the important phenomenon of stage-discharge hysteresis, of which convincing examples are abundant (e.g., [19,33,45]), is not accommodated by USGS rating curves and by ratings based on HEC-RAS.…”

Section: Future Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of River Flood Waves below Hydropower Dams and Their Relation to Natural Floods

Criss

2024

Water

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The dynamic behavior of flood waves on rivers is essential to flood prediction. Natural flood waves are complex due to tributary inputs, rainfall variations, and overbank flows, so this study examines hydropower dam releases, which are simpler to analyze because channel effects are isolated. Successive arrival times and heights of peaks along 9 rivers with multiple stream gauges downstream of hydroelectric dams show that flow peaks typically become exponentially lower and wider with distance. The propagation velocity of peaks increases with water depth and channel slope but decreases with downstream distance and greater channel tortuosity. A rich hierarchy of velocities was found. Hydropower pulses progress at or in slight excess of the theoretical celerity, which is faster than the propagation rate of average natural floods, which in turn exceeds the mean velocity of water in the channel, yet the water moves faster than the peaks of record floods. The progressive changes to the height, shape, and velocity of hydropower flow peaks are simulated by the first analytical solution to the convolution integral for a rectangular source pulse that is based on diffusion-advection theory. Available data support some widely held expectations while refuting others. An expanded definition of “water mining” is proposed.

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Section: Future Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of River Flood Waves below Hydropower Dams and Their Relation to Natural Floods

Criss

2024

Water

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“…Essential features of hysteresis behavior during flood wave propagation Temporal variation of hydraulic variables (Fig. 2a The information assembled in Figures 2a-2d and Table 1 expose several important practical considerations, with most of them related to the limited capability of the widely-used steady rating (Q0) to document hysteresis (Henderson, 1966;Fenton, 2001;Rátky, 2000;Muste et al, 2022aMuste et al, , 2022b): a) the peaks of the main hydraulic variables are not simultaneous, rather they are systematically occurring in the following order: Smax, Vmax, Qmax, and Hmax. b) the H-Q relationship appears as a loop rather than a one-to-one relationship described by the rating developed with steady-state assumption; c) the actual flow discharge (Q) is not symmetrically positioned with respect to the uniform and steady rating (Q0).…”

Section: Characterization Of Hysteretic Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The conventional IVRC and CSA monitoring approaches were revitalized by the assimilation of contemporary instruments, mostly based on acoustic principles. Details on the capabilities of exiting monitoring methods document hysteresis flows are discussed in Muste et al (2020) and Muste et al (2022a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decoding the Hysteretic Behavior of Hydraulic Variables in Lowland Rivers with Multivariate Monitoring Approaches

Muste,

Kim,

Kim

et al. 2024

Preprint

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This paper demonstrates that the multivariate monitoring methods are capable to underpin the systematic investigation of the hysteretic behavior occurring during gradually-varied flows. For this purpose, we present simultaneous measurements of stage, index velocity, and free-surface slope acquired continuously with high-frequency sampling instruments deployed at several river gauging sites exposed to a range of storm magnitudes. The experimental evidence reveals intrinsic features of unsteady open-channel flow mechanics that are hinted by pertinent governing equations but rarely substantiated with in-situ measurements. The illustrations are intentionally made for fluvial waves propagating at sites located in lowland areas where the relationships among flow variables are most likely displaying hysteretic loops and phasing in the hydraulic variable progression. The set of presented measurements highlights that: a) the hysteretic behavior is apparent in both time-independent and time-dependent graphical representations of any two of the hydraulic variables; b) the severity of the hysteresis is commensurate with the geomorphic, hydraulic, and hydrological characteristics of the measurement site; and c) there is a pressing need for changing the flow paradigms currently used in tracking flow variables during gradually-varied flows. Also discussed are research needs associated with flow hysteresis for advancing the understanding of the mechanisms underlying the movement and storage of water in the lowland river environments as well as for increasing the accuracy of streamflow monitoring, modeling, and forecasting.

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“…The station, located on the Illinois River, is 200-m wide on a 0.0002 bed slope reach. A dataset of 6 years recorded at this station was analyzed to characterize the hysteretic behavior across storm events (Muste et al, 2022b). The year 2015 was selected for the present analysis to facilitate the simultaneous analysis of multiple smoothing procedures and as it contains the largest storm in the 6-year records.…”

Section: Hilbert-huang Transform (Hht)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Of special importance for the present context is to capture the multivariate dependencies of the hydrographs around their peaks. These relationships, rarely investigated with prior in-situ measurements, are increasingly scrutinized (Muste et al, 2020(Muste et al, , 2022b. Difficulties arise as the useful signals are contaminated by environmental factors present at the site (e.g., debris, waviness at the free surface, probe obstructions - Baydaroğlu et al, 2018) as well from sensor-induced errors (e.g., probe accuracy, hardwired data processing, time drift, loss of calibration - Smith et al, 2010), It appears that the authors' efforts to increase the level of confidence in the hydrometric data acquired in-situ with modern instrumentation are not isolated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coping with Information Extraction from In-Situ Data Acquired in Natural Streams

Baydaroğlu,

Muste,

Cikmaz

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Flood waves propagating in natural streams are highly complex flow situations with intricate dependencies among flow variables that are still not well understood. The most relevant information for deciphering these dependencies is extracted from continuous in-situ measurements acquired through high sampling frequency with special attention to the magnitude and timing of the hydrograph peaks. The new generation of acoustic instruments can produce experimental evidence if the useful nonlinear, nonstationary signals are extracted from the inherently noisy dataset acquired on site. This study presents a new screening protocol to smoothen streamflow data from the unwanted influences and noise generated by flow perturbations and observational fluctuations. The protocol is flexible and robust combining quantitative (statistical fitness parameters) and qualitative (domain expert judgments) evaluations. The screening protocol is tested with 18 smoothing methods applied to 118 datasets to identify the optimal data conditioning candidates. Sensitivity analyses are conducted to assess the validity, generality, and scalability of the smoothing procedures. The main goal of this analysis is to set a mathematical foundation for the empirical results that can lead to unified, general conclusions on principles or protocols for unsteady flows propagating in open channels, formulating practical guidance for future data acquisition and processing, and using the in-situ data to better support numerical and data-driven modeling efforts.

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Insights into Flood Wave Propagation in Natural Streams as Captured with Acoustic Profilers at an Index-Velocity Gaging Station

Cited by 5 publications

References 24 publications

Dynamics of River Flood Waves below Hydropower Dams and Their Relation to Natural Floods

Dynamics of River Flood Waves below Hydropower Dams and Their Relation to Natural Floods

Decoding the Hysteretic Behavior of Hydraulic Variables in Lowland Rivers with Multivariate Monitoring Approaches

Coping with Information Extraction from In-Situ Data Acquired in Natural Streams

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