Insights into electrochemical hydrogen compressor operating parameters and membrane electrode assembly degradation mechanisms

Zou, Jiexin; Jin, Yiqi; Wen, Zengyin; Xing, Shuang; Han, Ning; Yao, Keguang; Zhao, Zhongxing; Chen, Ming; Fan, Jiantao; Li, Hui; Wang, Haijiang

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2020.229249

Cited by 23 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Most preexisting literature report calculated cell level efficiencies, but there is a general exclusion of the heating requirement as an input to the calculations. 8,11,14,22 The majority of the energy required for operating an EHP is from heating the cell which makes electrochemical hydrogen pumping an unfortunately wasteful process. An engineering tenet we employed is always targeting the largest sources of waste in a process, so the heat requirement of the cell was a natural focal point.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…7 Recent efforts have increased toward making EHP technology a more viable commercial candidate for various gas mixtures. [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] Kim et al compared low-temperature, perfluorosulfonic acid membrane cells (LT-PEM-EHP) to highertemperature polybenzimidazole (PBI) based EHP cells (HT-PEM-EHP), in which they demonstrated HT-PEM-EHP operating at 160 °C could be comparable in polarization performance to the LT-PEM-EHP for separating 80/20 CO 2 /H 2 gas mixtures. 20 Nordio et al, investigated open circuit exposure of platinum catalyst based lowtemperature EHP to high concentrations of CO 2 to determine if the presence of CO 2 can inhibit catalyst activity at near-ambient temperature.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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High Purity Hydrogen Separation with HT-PBI Based Electrochemical Pump Operation at 120 °C

Maxwell

Sun²,

Rojas³

et al. 2023

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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Electrochemical hydrogen pumps (EHP) provide a unique highly efficient means of separating and compressing hydrogen with continuous steady-state operation. Here, we demonstrate the performance of a commercially available polybenzimidazole (PBI) membrane-based platform as a benchmark for ultra-high efficiency performance. A primary gas mixture of CO2 and H2 with a ratio of 4:1, respectively, was selected to demonstrate the performance of EHPs with near theoretical Faradaic efficiency with negligible CO poisoning due to reverse water gas shift reaction. It was found that humidification of the feed gas at room temperature improved polarization performance while also improving energy efficiency, thus reducing the need for a tightly controlled relative humidity of feed gas. A new perspective on EHP energy efficiency calculation methodology is also provided by including the cell heating requirement in the calculation. In this manner, an overall improvement to the energy efficiency of nearly 20% was realized by dropping the cell temperature to 120°C while paying no significant penalty to electrochemical performance. Nearly 99.99% pure H2 and 99.93% pure CO2 were produced with a hydrogen yield of 99.34%.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

High Purity Hydrogen Separation with HT-PBI Based Electrochemical Pump Operation at 120 °C

Maxwell

Sun²,

Rojas³

et al. 2023

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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“…Catalysts containing dispersed nano-sized Pt particles are typically highly active and are used in various hydrogen-based technologies, e.g., electrochemical hydrogen compression, PEMFCs, PEM water electrolysis, and LOHC dehydrogenation [73,[128][129][130][131][132][133][134][135][136][137][138][139][140]. In general, reducing reactive metal loadings has been a primary research focus, and catalyst development (e.g., catalyst stability and durability) has received relatively limited attention.…”

Section: Chcmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catalytic Hydrogen Combustion for Domestic and Safety Applications: A Critical Review of Catalyst Materials and Technologies

2021

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Spatial heating and cooking account for a significant fraction of global domestic energy consumption. It is therefore likely that hydrogen combustion will form part of a hydrogen-based energy economy. Catalytic hydrogen combustion (CHC) is considered a promising technology for this purpose. CHC is an exothermic reaction, with water as the only by-product. Compared to direct flame-based hydrogen combustion, CHC is relatively safe as it foregoes COx, CH4, and under certain conditions NOx formation. More so, the risk of blow-off (flame extinguished due to the high fuel flow speed required for H2 combustion) is adverted. CHC is, however, perplexed by the occurrence of hotspots, which are defined as areas where the localized surface temperature is higher than the average surface temperature over the catalyst surface. Hotspots may result in hydrogen’s autoignition and accelerated catalyst degradation. In this review, catalyst materials along with the hydrogen technologies investigated for CHC applications were discussed. We showed that although significant research has been dedicated to CHC, relatively limited commercial applications have been identified up to date. We further showed the effect of catalyst support selection on the performance and durability of CHC catalysts, as well as a holistic summary of existing catalysts used for various CHC applications and catalytic burners. Lastly, the relevance of CHC applications for safety purposes was demonstrated.

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“…Moreover, the principles of this testing method can be extended to mass transport resistance testing in electrochemical hydrogen compressors (EHCs). EHC is a device that utilizes electrochemical principles to compress hydrogen gas to a higher pressure [ 24 , 25 ]. In an EHC, there is a certain mass transport resistance in the MEA involving the H 2 , H + , and H 2 O transfer [ 26 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elucidating the Mass Transportation Behavior of Gas Diffusion Layers via a H2 Limiting Current Test

Wang,

Zhao,

Kong

et al. 2023

Materials

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The gas diffusion layer (GDL), as a key component of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), plays a crucial role in PEMFC’s polarization performance, particularly in mass transport properties at high current densities. To elucidate the correlation between GDLs’ structure and their mass transport properties, a limiting current test with the H2 molecular probe was established and employed to investigate three representative GDLs with and without the microporous layer (MPL). By varying humidity and back pressure, the mass transport resistance of three GDLs was measured in an operating fuel cell, and an elaborate analysis of H2 transport was conducted. The results showed that the transport resistance (RDM) of GDLs was affected by the thickness and pore size distribution of the macroporous substrate (MPS) and the MPL. In the process of gas transport, the smaller pore size and thicker MPL increase the force of gas on the pore wall, resulting in an increase in transmission resistance. Through further calculation and analysis, the total transport resistance can be divided into pressure-related resistance (RP) and pressure-independent resistance (RNP). RP mainly originates from the transport resistance in both MPLs and the substrate layers of GDLs, exhibiting a linear relationship to the pressure; RNP mainly originates from the transport resistance in the MPLs. 29BC with thick MPL shows the largest RNP, and T060 without MPL shows the RNP = 0. This methodology enables in situ measurements of mass transport resistances for gas diffusion media, which can be easily applied for developing and deploying PEMFCs.

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Insights into electrochemical hydrogen compressor operating parameters and membrane electrode assembly degradation mechanisms

Cited by 23 publications

References 30 publications

High Purity Hydrogen Separation with HT-PBI Based Electrochemical Pump Operation at 120 °C

High Purity Hydrogen Separation with HT-PBI Based Electrochemical Pump Operation at 120 °C

Catalytic Hydrogen Combustion for Domestic and Safety Applications: A Critical Review of Catalyst Materials and Technologies

Elucidating the Mass Transportation Behavior of Gas Diffusion Layers via a H2 Limiting Current Test

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