Insights from the GC content analysis of 76 genome survey sequences (GSS) from Elaeis oleifera

Abstract

South American oil-palm (Elaeis oleifera) is not cultivated in tropical countries like Malaysia on large scale due to low yield of palm oil derived from its fruit mesocarp. However, its fruit mesocarp oil contains about 68.6 % oleic acid (C18:1) which is more than double in comparison to commercially cultivated oilpalm, E. guineensis Jacq Tenera (hybrid of Dura (♀) x Pisifera (♂)). It is also known that E. oleifera is a good source of tocotrienols and carotenoids. Therefore, it is of interest to know the genome sequence of E. oleifera. The objective of this study is to generate genome survey sequences (GSS) to get GC content insight in the E. oleifera genome. The nuclear genomic DNA isolated from young leaf‐tissues was digested with EcoRI and NdeI/DraI restriction enzymes; and three genomic DNA libraries were constructed using Lambda ZAP‐II, pGEM®‐T Easy, and pDONR 222™ as cloning vectors. Generated 76 GSSs were analyzed by using Bioinformatics tools. The analysis result indicates that the adenine, cytosine, guanine and thymine content in generated GSSs are 30%, 20%, 20%, and 30% respectively. In conclusion, based on the precise GC content analysis of the randomly isolated 76 GSSs by using Bioinformatics tools we hypothesize that GC content in E. oleifera genome is 40%. The hypothesized 40% GC content in E. oleifera genome is expected to remain close to the GC content based on the whole genome analysis.ψThe nucleotide sequence data reported in this paper have been submitted to dbGSS division of the international DNA database (GenBank/DDBJ/EMBL) under accession numbers: DX575945- DX575972 and EI798032-EI798079.AbbreviationsgDNA - Nuclear genomic DNA, GSSs - Genome survey sequences K12, SAOP - South American oil‐palm Db1

Sistema De Produção De Mudas Em Híbridos Interespecíficos Entre Caiaué E Dendê

“…O Brasil possui mais de 30 milhões de hectares aptos para a cultura . Uma das maiores limitações para a expansão e estabilidade da cultura no Brasil é a ocorrência do amarelecimento fatal (AF), cuja causa ainda se desconhece (BOARI, 2008).…”

“…O Caiaué, popularmente, conhecido como palma-de-óleo-americana (Elaeis oleifera (Kunth), Cortés), originário da Amazônia, é importante fonte de variabilidade para o melhoramento genético do dendê e foi incorporado em programas de melhoramento (MEUNIER, 1975;MORETZSOHN et al, 2002) inclusive da Embrapa (CUNHA et al, 2005), devido à resistência ao amarelecimento fatal (AF) e outras pragas (MOURA et al, 2013), ao lento crescimento e óleo com qualidade diferenciada, incluindo maior quantidade de ácidos graxos oleicos (BHORE et al, 2010), óleo com maiores teores de carotenoides (SUNDRAM et al, 2013) e baixa atividade de lipase (NGANDO et al, 2006), mas, seu cultivo é inviável economicamente. Entretanto, o cruzamento do caiaué com o dendê produz um híbrido interespecífico (HIE) viável em termos reprodutivos e econômicos.…”

“…Entretanto, o cruzamento do caiaué com o dendê produz um híbrido interespecífico (HIE) viável em termos reprodutivos e econômicos. O HIE tem crescimento vertical lento, qualidade de óleo diferenciada e resistência ao AF, sendo atualmente, a única alternativa para o cultivo em área de ocorrência do AF BOARI, 2008).…”

Construction of efficient and effective transformation vectors for palmitoyl-acyl carrier protein thioesterase gene silencing in oil palm

“…Therefore, it is necessary to knockout the expression of PATE gene in order to minimize the percentage of C16:0 in palm oil. Palm oil will be healthier for the human consumption and will get more price in the market if the C16:0 percentage in palm oil could be reduced to make it low palmitate [ 12 – 14 ]. The silencing of PATE gene can be accomplished through any one of the several different methods of gene silencing such as, transcriptional gene silencing (TGS), cosuppression, post-transcriptional gene silencing (PTGS) using antisense, direct inverted repeats (IR), intron-spliced inverted repeat (ISIR) mediated gene silencing, and site-directed mutagenesis (SDM) [ 15 – 19 ].…”