Insights from a field test implementation of a robust Smart Grid concept based on ripple control

Downtime Measurements of Generator-Powered Microgrid During Planned and Unplanned Transfer to Island Mode

“…Tests have shown that latency that comes from delay in signal transmission as well as the time required to start the generator (which consists of time needed to process signals received by the controller and time to start and synchronize the machine) allows effective supervision and control of the system from the laboratory 100 km away [25]. The robustness of the communication system in the power grid is crucial to the success of the project, because it not only provides a reliable way to control devices that are part of a system, but also provides high-quality measurement data transmission, so that the system can be precisely controlled using the Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition (SCADA) system [26], [27]. A good representation of the system allows operators to make adequate decisions and makes analyses of the phenomena happening in the system more credible.…”

Charging Infrastructure and Grid Integration for Electromobility

“…Central or hierarchical coordination, e.g., through the local DSO, may be an option but require a communication link to the various chargers [180]. While conventional ripple control as historically used for load management or the abovementioned solar curtailment is not directly designed for modern grid services, power-line communication, Ethernet, or cell-phone links might enable coordination of grid services of chargers similar to the IEC 61850 standard as used for the control of substations [181], [182], [183], [184]. Public chargers typically already have Ethernet or cell-phone modems installed for payment and remote monitoring, while residential chargers are usually in the range of wireless internet.…”