Insights for clinical diagnostic indicators of virus and host in chronic hepatitis B infection

Ou, Qishui; Guo, Jianhui; Zeng, Yongbin; Chen, Huijuan

doi:10.1111/jvh.13260

Cited by 11 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…Firstly, this method requires a liver biopsy sample, which is not only invasive, but also poses several risks to the patient, such as pain, bleeding, or infection [28,29]. Secondly, cccDNA measurement methods are not standardized and include several technical obstacles, such as the possible selection of non-representative biopsy material [28,30,31]. Following successful response to antiviral treatment, serum HBV DNA is reduced to undetectable levels and ALT levels stabilize over time, rendering these markers futile for monitoring of CHB.…”

Section: Novel Hbv Biomarkersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Biomarkers of Hepatitis B Virus and Their Use in Chronic Hepatitis B Patient Management

Osiowy

2021

Viruses

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Even though an approved vaccine for hepatitis B virus (HBV) is available and widely used, over 257 million individuals worldwide are living with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) who require monitoring of treatment response, viral activity, and disease progression to reduce their risk of HBV-related liver disease. There is currently a lack of predictive markers to guide clinical management and to allow treatment cessation with reduced risk of viral reactivation. Novel HBV biomarkers are in development in an effort to improve the management of people living with CHB, to predict disease outcomes of CHB, and further understand the natural history of HBV. This review focuses on novel HBV biomarkers and their use in the clinical setting, including the description of and methodology for quantification of serum HBV RNA, hepatitis B core-related antigen (HBcrAg), quantitative hepatitis B surface antigen (qHBsAg), including ultrasensitive HBsAg detection, quantitative anti-hepatitis B core antigen (qAHBc), and detection of HBV nucleic acid-related antigen (HBV-NRAg). The utility of these biomarkers in treatment-naïve and treated CHB patients in several clinical situations is further discussed. Novel HBV biomarkers have been observed to provide critical clinical information and show promise for improving patient management and our understanding of the natural history of HBV.

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Section: Novel Hbv Biomarkersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Biomarkers of Hepatitis B Virus and Their Use in Chronic Hepatitis B Patient Management

Osiowy

2021

Viruses

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“…Using specific primers containing a sequence corresponding to the polyadenylated 3′-end of full-length polyadenylated HBV RNA (flRNA) or trRNA, RACE-PCR targets the 3′-ends of the X gene for quantification of all polyadenylated HBV RNA species ( Zhang W. et al, 2004 ; Ou et al, 2020 ). The assay’s lower limit of detection for HBV RNA was 794 copies/mL with a quantitative range of 800–10 6 copies/mL.…”

Section: Serum Viral Biomarkers For Hbv Related Hccmentioning

confidence: 99%

Viral Biomarkers for Hepatitis B Virus-Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma Occurrence and Recurrence

et al. 2021

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Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the sixth most common cancer worldwide and the fourth leading cause of cancer-related death. The most common risk factor for developing HCC is chronic infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV). Early stages of HBV-related HCC (HBV-HCC) are generally asymptomatic. Moreover, while serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and abdominal ultrasound are widely used to screen for HCC, they have poor sensitivity. Thus, HBV-HCC is frequently diagnosed at an advanced stage, in which there are limited treatment options and high mortality rates. Serum biomarkers with high sensitivity and specificity are crucial for earlier diagnosis of HCC and improving survival rates. As viral–host interactions are key determinants of pathogenesis, viral biomarkers may add greater diagnostic power for HCC than host biomarkers alone. In this review, we summarize recent research on using virus-derived biomarkers for predicting HCC occurrence and recurrence; including circulating viral DNA, RNA transcripts, and viral proteins. Combining these viral biomarkers with AFP and abdominal ultrasound could improve sensitivity and specificity of early diagnosis, increasing the survival of patients with HBV-HCC. In the future, as the mechanisms that drive HBV-HCC to become clearer, new biomarkers may be identified which can further improve early diagnosis of HBV-HCC.

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“…Although liver biopsy is the most accurate technique for quantification of intrahepatic cccDNA, its utility is limited by its invasive nature, the potential for sampling error, and the lack of a standardized assay [ 7 , 8 ]. Several non-invasive biomarkers, including hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), hepatitis B core-related antigen (HBcrAg), and HBV pregenomic RNA (HBV pgRNA), have been developed to reflect the activity of intrahepatic cccDNA [ 7 , 9 ]. Growing evidence supports the serum HBV DNA correlated with serum HBsAg, HBcrAg, and HBV pgRNA in patients without antiviral treatment [ 9 – 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of HCV viremia on HBV biomarkers in patients coinfected with HBV and HCV

et al. 2022

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Backgrounds: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) biomarkers reflect the status of HBV infection; however, their role in patients with chronic hepatitis B and C (HBV/HCV) coinfection remains unknown. This study evaluated the characteristics of HBV biomarkers in patients with chronic HBV/HCV coinfection. Methods One hundred untreated HBV/HCV coinfected patients were enrolled. Active viral infection was defined as viral load above 2000 U/L and 15 U/L for HBV and HCV, respectively. Blood samples were analyzed for HBV biomarkers, including hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), hepatitis B core-related antigen (HBcrAg), HBV DNA, and HBV pregenomic RNA (HBV pgRNA). The impact of HCV viremia was also studied. Results A total of 15 patients were HBV-inactive/HCV-inactive, 63 patients were HBV-inactive/HCV-active, 14 patients were HBV-active/HCV-inactive and 8 patients were HBV-active/HCV-active. A total of 71 (71%) patients were active HCV and 22 (22%) were active HBV. HBsAg, HBcrAg, and HBV DNA correlated with each other (P < 0.001). HBV pgRNA displayed no correlations with HBV DNA, HBsAg, or HBcrAg. Patients with HCV viremia had significantly lower HBV DNA, HBsAg, and HBcrAg levels as well as higher HBV pgRNA levels and lower HBV DNA:pgRNA ratio than those without viremia (HBV DNA, P < 0.001; HBsAg, P = 0.015; HBcrAg, P = 0.006; HBV pgRNA, P = 0.073; and HBV DNA:pgRNA ratio, P < 0.001). Conclusions In patients coinfected with HBV and HCV, HBsAg, HBcrAg, and HBV DNA significantly correlated with each other. HBV and HCV coinfected patients with HCV viremia have lower HBV DNA, HBsAg, HBcrAg, and HBV DNA:pgRNA ratio as well as higher HBV pgRNA levels.

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Insights for clinical diagnostic indicators of virus and host in chronic hepatitis B infection

Cited by 11 publications

References 69 publications

Novel Biomarkers of Hepatitis B Virus and Their Use in Chronic Hepatitis B Patient Management

Novel Biomarkers of Hepatitis B Virus and Their Use in Chronic Hepatitis B Patient Management

Viral Biomarkers for Hepatitis B Virus-Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma Occurrence and Recurrence

Impact of HCV viremia on HBV biomarkers in patients coinfected with HBV and HCV

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