Insights and controversies on sunscreen safety

Paiva, Juliana P.; Diniz, Raiane R.; Leitão, Álvaro C.; Cabral, Lúcio Mendes; Fortunato, Rodrigo S.; Santos, Bianca Aloise Maneira Corrêa; Pádula, Marcelo de

doi:10.1080/10408444.2020.1826899

Cited by 21 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 181 publications

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“…As a result, 1981 (61.20%) were predicted as "low" or "none" risk, contrasting with the 16.00% shown by AUVFs (Figure 3a). This low proportion of innocuousness in AUVFs is consistent with their current safety concerns [5]. This explores a possibility to find fewer toxic substances in the selected Streptomyces-derived compounds.…”

Section: Filtering Of Streptomyces-derived Compoundssupporting

confidence: 62%

“…The use of sunscreens is among the common photoprotection measures [3]; however, most of the sunscreens currently available focus on avoiding erythema but are ineffective against other photodamage outcomes such as oxidative stress and immunomodulation [4]. In addition to this limitation, several ultraviolet (UV) filters have claims for their safety (comprehensively reviewed by Paiva et al [5]), ecotoxicity (aquatic ecosystem pollution) [6], marine life detriment [7][8][9], and bioaccumulation [10]. Under this scenario, research on new photoprotective agents is in high demand.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…for their safety (comprehensively reviewed by Paiva et al [5]), ecotoxicity (aquatic ecosystem pollution) [6], marine life detriment [7][8][9], and bioaccumulation [10]. Under this scenario, research on new photoprotective agents is in high demand.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Uncovering Streptomyces-Derived Compounds as Cosmeceuticals for the Development of Improved Skin Photoprotection Products: An In Silico Approach to Explore Multi-Targeted Agents

et al. 2022

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The search for novel photoprotective substances has become a challenge in cosmeceutical research. Streptomyces-derived compounds can serve as a promising source of photoprotective agents to formulate skin photoprotection products, such as sunscreens. This study aimed to identify specialized metabolites with the potential to modulate UV-induced cellular damage in the skin by identifying potential multi-target-directed ligands. Using a combination of ligand- and target-based virtual screening approaches, a public compound library comprising 6524 Streptomyces-derived specialized metabolites was studied for their photoprotective capability. The compounds were initially filtered by safety features and then examined for their ability to interact with key targets in the photodamage pathway by molecular docking. A set of 50 commercially available UV filters was used as the benchmark. The protein–ligand stability of selected Streptomyces-derived compounds was also studied by molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. From the compound library, 1981 compounds were found to meet the safety criteria for topically applied products, such as low skin permeability and low or non-toxicity-alerting substructures. A total of 34 compounds had promising binding scores against crucial targets involved in UV-induced photodamage, such as serotonin-receptor subtype 5-HT2A, platelet-activating factor receptor, IL-1 receptor type 1, epidermal growth factor receptor, and cyclooxygenase-2. Among these compounds, aspergilazine A and phaeochromycin F showed the highest ranked interactions with four of the five targets and triggered complex stabilization over time. Additionally, the predicted UV-absorbing profiles also suggest a UV-filtering effect. Streptomyces is an encouraging biological source of compounds for developing topical products. After in silico protein–ligand interactions, binding mode and stabilization of aspergilazine A and phaeochromycin F led to the discovery of potential candidates as photodamage multi-target inhibitors. Therefore, they can be further explored for the formulation of skin photoprotection products.

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Section: Filtering Of Streptomyces-derived Compoundssupporting

confidence: 62%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Uncovering Streptomyces-Derived Compounds as Cosmeceuticals for the Development of Improved Skin Photoprotection Products: An In Silico Approach to Explore Multi-Targeted Agents

et al. 2022

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“…• Low photocytotoxicity. Intense UV-irradiation can sufficiently affect the interaction between inorganic UV-filters and cells, due to the possible formation of reactive oxygen species (photocatalytic action); 20…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amorphous and crystalline cerium(iv) phosphates: biocompatible ROS-scavenging sunscreens

et al. 2022

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“…Most commercially available UV filters have been associated with toxic effects, including oxybenzone [40]. We evaluated the cytotoxic effect of the selected photoprotective actinobacterial extracts (i.e., G6210, G6211, G1115, G11117, G11122, G11126, G11128, G1225, G1228, and G12218) on human dermal fibroblasts (HDFa cell line) and compared it to that shown by oxybenzone on the same cell line (Figure 5).…”

Section: In Vitro Safety Evaluation Of the Photoprotective Actinobacterial Extractsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cliona varians-Derived Actinomycetes as Bioresources of Photoprotection-Related Bioactive End-Products

et al. 2021

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Sunscreen and sunblock are crucial skincare products to prevent photoaging and photocarcinogenesis through the addition of chemical filters to absorb or block ultraviolet (UV) radiation. However, several sunscreen and sunblock ingredients, mostly UV filters, have been associated with human and environmental safety concerns. Therefore, the exploration and discovery of promising novel sources of efficient and safer compounds with photoprotection-related activities are currently required. Marine invertebrates, particularly their associated microbiota, are promising providers of specialized metabolites with valuable biotechnological applications. Nevertheless, despite Actinobacteria members being a well-known source of bioactive metabolites, their photoprotective potential has been poorly explored so far. Hence, a set of methanolic extracts obtained from Cliona varians-derived actinomycetes was screened regarding their antioxidant and UV-absorbing capacities (i.e., photoprotection-related activities). The active extract-producing strains were identified and classified within genera Streptomyces, Micrococcus, Gordonia, and Promicromonospora. This is the first report of the isolation of these microorganisms from C. varians (an ecologically important Caribbean coral reef-boring sponge). The in vitro cytotoxicity on dermal fibroblasts of oxybenzone and the selected active extracts revealed that oxybenzone exerted a cytotoxic effect, whereas no cytotoxic effect of test extracts was observed. Accordingly, the most active (SPFi > 5, radical scavenging > 50%) and nontoxic (cell viability > 75%) extracts were obtained from Streptomyces strains. Finally, LC-MS-based characterization suggested a broad chemical space within the test strains and agreed with the reported streptomycetes’ chemodiversity. The respective metabolite profiling exposed a strain-specific metabolite occurrence, leading to the recognition of potential hits. These findings suggest that marine Streptomyces produce photoprotectants ought to be further explored in skincare applications.

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Insights and controversies on sunscreen safety

Cited by 21 publications

References 181 publications

Uncovering Streptomyces-Derived Compounds as Cosmeceuticals for the Development of Improved Skin Photoprotection Products: An In Silico Approach to Explore Multi-Targeted Agents

Uncovering Streptomyces-Derived Compounds as Cosmeceuticals for the Development of Improved Skin Photoprotection Products: An In Silico Approach to Explore Multi-Targeted Agents

Amorphous and crystalline cerium(iv) phosphates: biocompatible ROS-scavenging sunscreens

Cliona varians-Derived Actinomycetes as Bioresources of Photoprotection-Related Bioactive End-Products

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