Insight into the role of microRNAs in brain tumors (Review)

Catania, Alessia; Maira, Francesca; Skarmoutsou, Evangelia; D'Amico, Fabio; Abounader, Roger; Mazzarino, María Clorinda

doi:10.3892/ijo.2011.1305

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 168 publications

(221 reference statements)

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“…One strand of the miRNA is then preferentially incorporated into the RISC protein complex, and this ribonucleoprotein complex binds to messenger RNAs and prevents their expression–but this normal processing is dys-regulated in cancer [24] . Recently, the discovery of miRNAs as drivers of tumor growth and survival has led to the evaluation of the miRNA expression pattern in different types of glioblastomas as compared to normal brain tissue [25] – [28] . miRNAs that are involved in neural development in NSCs have been shown to play a role in GBM development, and 70% of known miRNAs are expressed in the brain [26] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Anti-Apoptotic MicroRNAs 582-5p and 363 Promote Human Glioblastoma Stem Cell Survival via Direct Inhibition of Caspase 3, Caspase 9, and Bim

et al. 2014

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Glioblastoma is the most common and lethal primary brain tumor. Tumor initiation and recurrence are likely caused by a sub-population of glioblastoma stem cells, which may derive from mutated neural stem and precursor cells. Since CD133 is a stem cell marker for both normal brain and glioblastoma, and to better understand glioblastoma formation and recurrence, we looked for dys-regulated microRNAs in human CD133+ glioblastoma stem cells as opposed to CD133+ neural stem cells isolated from normal human brain. Using FACS sorting of low-passage cell samples followed by microRNA microarray analysis, we found 43 microRNAs that were dys-regulated in common in three separate CD133+ human glioblastomas compared to CD133+ normal neural stem cells. Among these were several microRNAs not previously associated with cancer. We then verified the microRNAs dys-regulated in glioblastoma using quantitative real time PCR and Taqman analysis of the original samples, as well as human GBM stem cell and established cell lines and many human specimens. We show that two candidate oncogenic microRNAs, miR-363 and miR-582-5p, can positively influence glioblastoma survival, as shown by forced expression of the microRNAs and their inhibitors followed by cell number assay, Caspase 3/7 assay, Annexin V apoptosis/fluorescence activated cell sorting, siRNA rescue of microRNA inhibitor treatment, as well as 3′UTR mutagenesis to show luciferase reporter rescue of the most successful targets. miR-582-5p and miR-363 are shown to directly target Caspase 3, Caspase 9, and Bim.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Anti-Apoptotic MicroRNAs 582-5p and 363 Promote Human Glioblastoma Stem Cell Survival via Direct Inhibition of Caspase 3, Caspase 9, and Bim

et al. 2014

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“…MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of non-coding small RNAs that can block the translation of mRNA targets and affect mRNA stability (5), thereby regulating protein-coding gene networks and pathways (6). Aberrant expressions of miRNAs have been observed in breast (7), brain (8), lung (9), thyroid (10,11) and colon (11) cancer cells and are tightly related to cancer development and progression, including biological processes such as cellular proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis and development of metastases (12)(13)(14). miRNAs contribute to oncogenesis as either an oncogene (oncomiR) or a tumor-suppressor (15).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MicroRNA-223 functions as an oncogene in human colorectal cancer cells

Zhang

Luo

et al. 2014

Oncology Reports

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Aberrant microRNA (miRNA) expression has been frequently observed in colorectal cancer (CRC), the third most common human cancer in the world. However, the roles of miRNAs in CRC remain poorly understood. The present study explored, identified and characterized the miRNAs that correlate with CRC progression. Deregulated level of microRNA-223 (miR-223) was screened out by miRNA microarray in colorectal tumor tissues and further confirmed by quantitative real-time PCR in a large cohort of CRC samples (n=90). After silencing miR-223 by artificial anti‑miR-223 (miR-223-inhibitor), WST-1 and colony formation assays were employed to assess cell proliferation, and cell migration and invasion were evaluated by wound healing test and Transwell assays, respectively. Compared with adjacent non-tumor tissues, 22 miRNAs were screened out in CRC tissues with significance (>2-fold), of which 13 were upregulated and 9 were downregulated. miR-223 is one of the noticeably upregulated miRNAs. Large cohort CRC sample analyses showed that a higher level of miR-223 correlated with a higher clinical stage. Reducing miR-223 expression resulted in a decreased cell proliferation, migration and invasion in CRC cells. miR-223 functions as an oncomiR in CRC, therefore serving as a potential diagnostic and therapeutic target for the treatment of CRC.

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“…miRs regulate gene expression, which affects various biological behaviors, including the formation, growth and development of embryos, hematopoiesis, proliferation, apoptosis and differentiation of cells, and occurrence and development of tumors (4). Increasing studies suggest that miRs are important in the occurrence and development of tumors, and certain miRs act as oncogenes or anti-oncogenes (5). One such miR is miR-21, which has been demonstrated to be overexpressed in pulmonary, mammary gland and prostate and colon malignant tumors, gastrointestinal, esophageal and pancreatic cancer and head and neck neoplasms (6).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anticancer effect of curcumin inhibits cell growth through miR-21/PTEN/Akt pathway in breast cancer cell

et al. 2017

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Curcumin is a polyphenol extracted from turmeric, which that belongs to the Zingiberaceae family. Curcumin has numerous effects, including anti-inflammatory, antitumor, anti-oxidative and antimicrobial effects. However, the effects of curcumin on human breast cancer cells remain largely unknown. The aim of the present study was to investigate the anticancer effects and the mechanisms by which curcumin affects breast cancer cells. The anticancer effect of curcumin on cell viability and cytotoxicity on human breast cancer MCF-7 cells was analyzed using 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2, 5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide and lactate dehydrogenase assays, respectively. Cell apoptosis of MCF-7 cells was detected using flow cytometry, 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindolestaining assay and caspase-3/9 activity kits. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to analyze microRNA-21 (miR-21) expression in MCF-7 cells. The protein expression of phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) and phospho-protein kinase B (pAkt) was determined by western blot analysis. miR-21 was transfected into MCF-7 cells and the anticancer effect of curcumin on cell viability and the expression of PTEN and pAkt was analyzed. The present results demonstrated that curcumin inhibited cell viability and induced cytotoxicity of MCF-7 cells in a concentration- and time-dependent manner, by inducing apoptosis and increasing caspase-3/9 activities. In addition, curcumin downregulated miR-21 expression in MCF-7 cells by upregulating the PTEN/Akt signaling pathway. The present study has for the first time, to the best of our knowledge, revealed the anticancer effect of curcumin in suppressing breast cancer cell growth, and has elucidated that the miR-21/PTEN/Akt signaling pathway is a key mechanism for the anticancer effects of curcumin.

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Insight into the role of microRNAs in brain tumors (Review)

Cited by 10 publications

References 168 publications

Novel Anti-Apoptotic MicroRNAs 582-5p and 363 Promote Human Glioblastoma Stem Cell Survival via Direct Inhibition of Caspase 3, Caspase 9, and Bim

Novel Anti-Apoptotic MicroRNAs 582-5p and 363 Promote Human Glioblastoma Stem Cell Survival via Direct Inhibition of Caspase 3, Caspase 9, and Bim

MicroRNA-223 functions as an oncogene in human colorectal cancer cells

Anticancer effect of curcumin inhibits cell growth through miR-21/PTEN/Akt pathway in breast cancer cell

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