Insight into the Role of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in Sustainable Agriculture

Abstract

Sustainable agriculture plays a vital role in agroecosystems and reduces adverse effects on the environment by utilizing the various natural processes. Optimum soil fertility is an essential goal to be achieved in sustainable agriculture system. The presence of benefi cial microorganisms in the rhizospheric region and their activities are the main focal point which makes dynamic resources available to plants and conserve soil fertility. Majority of the agricultural and horticultural crops are associated with common soil fungi, the arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi. These fungi are crucial for plant health and fi tness as they increase the effi ciencies of the plant root systems. The hyphae of these fungi originating from roots grow into the soil and absorb nutrients especially phosphorus and deliver it to the roots. They also play a crucial role in imparting tolerance to plants against various stresses as well as modifying soil structure. Nevertheless, several agricultural practices involved in crop production can infl uence both AM formation and function. Consequently, AM fungal introductions or changes in crop management practices that enhance the proliferation, diversity and function of native AM fungi become essential. Optimization of agronomic practices that sustain maximum AM fungal presence and activity would enable to achieve increased plant production in sustainable agriculture.

Effect of Inoculation with Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi on Selected Spring Wheat Lines

“…Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi interact at the root-soil interface in a coordinated manner. Their hyphae absorb and translocate water and nutrients from the soil to the plant to increase its growth and development (Dwivedi, 2015;Priyadharsini & Muthukumar, 2015). Wheat is colonized by mycorrhizae, but colonization depends on AMF strains and soil conditions.…”

Modelagem da transferência das pressões aplicadas na superfície de um Argissolo do Tabuleiros Costeiros

“…Status and potential of mushroom industry in Malaysia. Economic and Technology Management Review, v. 9, p. [103][104][105][106][107][108][109][110][111]2014.…”

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi activity in Haplic Luvisol on the semi-arid region of Pernambuco Brazil

“…The main advantage of these hyphae is related to the fact of absorbing with greater ease nutrients with low mobility in soil, such as P, Zn and Cu (Miranda & Harris, 1994;Smith & Read, 2008;Stümer & Siqueira, 2013;Priyadharsini & Muthukumar, 2015). The mycelium of AMF also adds soil particles (Rillig & Mummey, 2006) and acts in the soil carbon stock through the production of glomalin, a glycoprotein (Mergulhão et al, 2008).…”

“…Agrar., v. 60, n. 2, p. 185-191, abr./jun. 2017 for agriculture (Freitas, 2007;Priyadharsini & Muthukumar, 2015), since the presence of these beneficial microorganisms in the rhizospheric region and their activities make the dynamic resources available to plants, besides preserving soil fertility (Priyadharsini & Muthukumar, 2015). As seen by Ortiz et al (2015), microbial activities, regardless of the microbial origin, may function in the plant as an adaptive response to limited water availability.…”