Insight into the molecular composition of laboratory organic residues produced from interstellar/pre-cometary ice analogues using very high resolution mass spectrometry

Danger, Grégoire; Fresneau, A.; Mrad, Ninette Abou; Marcellus, Pierre de; Orthous‐Daunay, François‐Régis; Duvernay, Fabrice; Vuitton, V.; d’Hendecourt, Louis Le Sergeant; Thissen, R.; Chiavassa, Thierry

doi:10.1016/j.gca.2016.06.014

Cited by 30 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…This is the situation in the vacuum of space but also in the laboratory, because the residues do form by sublimation of the irradiated ice samples in a dynamic high vacuum chamber, in which liquid water is never present. Indeed, the similarity between these laboratory residues and the SOM found in carbonaceous chondrites was recently proposed (Danger et al 2013(Danger et al , 2016 using ultra high-resolution mass spectrometry for the analysis of laboratory residues having the same composition and preparation procedure than the ones presented here.…”

Section: Astrophysical Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 55%

“…These meteorites have experienced various levels of aqueous processing and belong to petrological subtypes ranging from 2.0-2.8 (Rubin et al 2007;Alexander et al 2013). This comparison may provide insights into the origin of organic materials, in particular amino acids, that may have been retained inside primitive CM meteorites (Danger et al 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Amino Acid Distribution in Laboratory Analogs of Extraterrestrial Organic Matter: A Comparison to CM Chondrites

Modica

Martins

Meinert

et al. 2018

ApJ

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Laboratory experiments that simulate the photo-and thermo-chemistry of extraterrestrial ices always lead to the formation of semi-refractory organic residues. These residues can be considered as laboratory analogs for the primitive organic matter incorporated into comets and asteroids. Many specific organic molecules have been detected in them. Here we focus on amino acids because of their possible relevance to further prebiotic chemistry on Earth as well as in other solar system bodies. We compare the amino acid content and distribution measured in organic residues produced in our photochemical experiments to those observed in various CM chondrites presenting an increasing degree of aqueous alteration, a process that is thought to impact amino acid chemistry. We find that the amino acid profile of our residues shows similarities with that of the least aqueously altered CM chondrites. In particular, the β-alanine to glycine ratio is comparable to the one measured in the Paris meteorite, a minimally altered CM chondrite, and matches the trend followed by other CM chondrites with different degrees of aqueous alteration. Additionally, the relative abundances of α-, β-, and γ-amino acids in one of our residues are similar to those of the least altered CM chondrites. These results support the idea of a general formation process for amino acids from photo-and thermo-processing of icy grains as an important source for the inventory of amino acids in the early solar system.

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Section: Astrophysical Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 55%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Amino Acid Distribution in Laboratory Analogs of Extraterrestrial Organic Matter: A Comparison to CM Chondrites

Modica

Martins

Meinert

et al. 2018

ApJ

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“…A longstanding question in cosmochemistry is whether the chondritic organic compounds are formed in the ISM, in the protoplanetary disk or within asteroids during hydrothermal alteration ( Aléon, 2010;Alexander et al, 2014Alexander et al, , 2007Glavin et al, 2010;Remusat et al, 2010Remusat et al, , 2009Vinogradoff et al, 2017 ). A number of interstellar and nebular processes (ionmolecule reactions, gas-grain reactions, irradiation, heating) may lead to the formation of both soluble and insoluble OM ( Danger et al, 2016Herbst and van Dishoeck, 2009;Kuga et al, 2015;Laurent et al, 2015;Marcellus et al, 2017 ). Here, we investigated the impact of asteroidal hydrothermal conditions on a simple interstellar molecule such as HMT (which constitutes up to 50 wt% of ice analog residues - Cottin et al, 2001;Muñoz Caro and Schutte, 2003;Vinogradoff et al, 2015Vinogradoff et al, , 2013Vinogradoff et al, , 2012 assuming that it had been accreted by asteroids ( Caselli and Ceccarelli, 2012;Gudipati et al, 2015 ).…”

Section: Implications For the Origin Of Chondritic Ommentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The fact that CC contain amides and quite similar nitrogen-bearing aromatic molecules ( Martins et al, 2008;Stoks and Schwartz, 1981;Yamashita and Naraoka, 2014 ) thus suggests that asteroids possibly accreted interstellar organic compounds such as HMT. Actually, more than thousands of different organic species have been identified in ice analog residues ( Danger et al, 2016Marcellus et al, 2015;Nuevo et al, 2008 ). Asteroidal hydrothermal alteration reactions involving interstellar organic compounds could be at the origin of a large part of the inventory of soluble chondritic molecules ( > 10,0 0 0 different soluble molecules - Schmitt-Kopplin et al, 2010 ).…”

Section: Implications For the Origin Of Chondritic Ommentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Given that up to 15 wt% of water is present in chondrites, if HMT precursors are indeed associated with water ice, it is possible that a significant amount of HMT could be formed in the very early stages of the asteroids life. In any case, the refractory organic residues of interstellar ice experiments, including HMT, are likely to be present in primitive bodies ( Caselli and Ceccarelli, 2012;Ciesla and Sandford, 2012;Danger et al, 2016;Gudipati et al, 2015 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evolution of interstellar organic compounds under asteroidal hydrothermal conditions

Vinogradoff

Bernard

Guillou

et al. 2018

Icarus

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International audienceCarbonaceous chondrites (CC) contain a diversity of organic compounds. No definitive evidence for a genetic relationship between these complex organic molecules and the simple organic molecules detected in the interstellar medium (ISM) has yet been reported. One of the many difficulties arises from the transformations of organic compounds during accretion and hydrothermal alteration on asteroids. Here, we report results of hydrothermal alteration experiments conducted on a common constituent of interstellar ice analogs, Hexamethylenetetramine (HMT – C 6 H 12 N 4). We submitted HMT to asteroidal hydrothermal conditions at 150 °C, for various durations (up to 31 days) and under alkaline pH. Organic products were characterized by gas chromatography mass spectrometry, infrared spectroscopy and synchrotron-based X-ray absorption near edge structure spectroscopy. Results show that, within a few days, HMT has evolved into (1) a very diverse suite of soluble compounds dominated by N-bearing aromatic compounds (> 150 species after 31 days), including for instance formamide, pyridine, pyrrole and their polymers (2) an aromatic and N-rich insoluble material that forms after only 7 days of experiment and then remains stable through time. The reaction pathways leading to the soluble compounds likely include HMT dissociation, formose and Maillard-type reactions, e.g. reactions of sugar derivatives with amines. The present study demonstrates that, if interstellar organic compounds such as HMT had been accreted by chondrite parent bodies, they would have undergone chemical transformations during hydrothermal alteration, potentially leading to the formation of high molecular weight insoluble organic molecules. Some of the diversity of soluble and insoluble organic compounds found in CC may thus result from asteroidal hydrothermal alteration

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Laboratory experiments to unveil the molecular reactivity occurring during the processing of ices in the protosolar nebula

Gautier

Danger

Mousis

et al. 2020

Earth and Planetary Science Letters

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Using laboratory experiments, we investigate the role of photo and thermal degradation in the possible complexification mechanisms of organic matter that may originate from interstellar ices prior to, or during the formation of the Solar System. We perform High Resolution Orbitrap Mass Spectrometry on organic residues formed from the photo-and thermochemical alterations of Interstellar Medium (ISM) dirty ice laboratory analogues. We probe, at the molecular level, the possible effects within the protosolar nebula on the composition and structure of these organic refractory materials obtained from an initial ice composition representative of astrophysical ices. We show that nitrogen incorporation, by competing with the carbon, has a strong influence on the final composition of the residue. NH3 rich ices lead to a group of unsaturated molecules in the final residue, while H2O rich ices lead to saturated ones. Finally, we observe and discuss the strong effect of UV irradiation on the decarboxylation on organic matter and discuss potential implications of this result for the protosolar nebula.

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Insight into the molecular composition of laboratory organic residues produced from interstellar/pre-cometary ice analogues using very high resolution mass spectrometry

Cited by 30 publications

References 33 publications

The Amino Acid Distribution in Laboratory Analogs of Extraterrestrial Organic Matter: A Comparison to CM Chondrites

The Amino Acid Distribution in Laboratory Analogs of Extraterrestrial Organic Matter: A Comparison to CM Chondrites

Evolution of interstellar organic compounds under asteroidal hydrothermal conditions

Laboratory experiments to unveil the molecular reactivity occurring during the processing of ices in the protosolar nebula

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