Insight into the effect of In addition on hydrogen generation behavior and hydrolysis mechanism of Al‐based ternary alloys in distilled water—A new active Al‐Ga‐In hydrolysis hydrogen generation alloy

Abstract

Al2Ga)-xIn (x = 0, 2, 4, 6, 8 wt%) ternary aluminum (Al) alloys with different weight ratio of In for hydrolysis H 2 generation were prepared by meltingcasting technique. The phase compositions and microstructures of Al-rich alloys were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and high resolution scanning electron microscope (HR-SEM) equipped with an energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS). The effect of In addition ratio on microstructures and H 2 generation performance were investigated, and the hydrolysis mechanism for Al-Ga-In ternary Al-based alloys has been proposed. Al phase as matrix phase in the Al-Ga-In ternary alloy mainly determines the hydrolysis behavior, and the second phase In strongly promotes the hydrolysis process. The increase of In content can accelerate the H 2 generation rate as well as the final capacity and generation yield in neutral water. The generation yields for (Al2Ga)-x In (x = 2, 4, 6, 8 wt%) alloys at 50°C are 0.56, 0.59, 0.62, and 0.66, respectively. The raising hydrolysis temperature can elevate the initial hydrolysis rate, final H 2 generation capacity, and yield. The H 2 generation capacities of (Al2Ga)-8In alloy at 50°C, 60°C, and 70°C are 262, 290, and 779 mL·g −1 , respectively.

Investigation on the Hydrogen Production Performance and Hydrolysate Formation Mechanism of Al-Based Composites

“…Removing the surface oxide films and the hydrolysate layers through an acidic or alkaline solution is a common method. , However, there are potential danger factors included in the experimental setup that make it difficult to use Al-H 2 O for hydrogen production. Another method is to combine Al with low-melting-point metals (Ga, In, Sn, Bi, Li, Zn) to create highly active Al-based composites. − Among different metal additives, Ga, In, and Sn have drawn the most interest because of the eutectic reactions during the preparation process to generate liquid GIS, In 3 Sn, and InSn 4 phases. Al atoms diffuse into the GIS eutectic to reach the reaction location, making Al continue to be consumed and produce hydrogen in water.…”

Generation of hydrogen upon immersion of Mg in Mn(Ac) 2 and the reaction mechanism

“…Hydrolysis of metals (eg, Al‐based and Mg‐based materials) with water has been reported as one of the approaches to produce real‐time hydrogen 3‐9 . Nonetheless, the reaction between metal and water is often hindered by the presence of an oxide film.…”

“…Hydrolysis of metals (eg, Al-based and Mg-based materials) with water has been reported as one of the approaches to produce real-time hydrogen. [3][4][5][6][7][8][9] Nonetheless, the reaction between metal and water is often hindered by the presence of an oxide film. Despite the low activity of Mg with water at ambient temperature, the oxide film on the Mg surface is easier to remove than the oxide film on Al.…”

Experimental Study on Zn-Doped Al-Rich Alloys for Fast on-Board Hydrogen Production

“…Nevertheless, these processing ways have certain disadvantages, e.g., acid or alkaline solution is extremely corrosive and the pre-preparation work of milling is time consuming. Adding some low melting alloys to Al and alloying was a fascinating method of activation [15][16][17][18]. This approach can produce Al alloys in large quantities in a short time when required, and Al can be hydrolyzed at a mild temperature to generate hydrogen.…”