Insight into the defluoridation efficiency of lateritic soil

Abstract

The need to explicate the mechanisms that underlies the defluoridation of potable water using lateritic soil necessitated this study. Raw laterite sample was thermally treated at varying temperatures that ranged between 100 °C and 1000 °C to determine the effects of thermal treatment on the surficial features and the defluoridation efficiency. The influence of hydrochemistry (i.e., pH, ionic strength, and anionic interference) on the defluoridation efficiency of the lateritic soil was studied. The determination of the effects of thermal treatment on the performance efficiency of the laterites sample showed that the presence of surface hydroxyl group enhanced the defluoridation efficiency. The kinetic analysis of the process showed that the pseudo‐second‐order kinetic equation gave the best description of the process. The evaluation of the influence of ionic strength on the defluoridation efficiency showed that the interaction between the LT0 and the aqua phase F− occurred via inner sphere complex formation. The assessment of the impact of the initial F− solution pH value on the process showed that the possible mode of interaction between the LT0 and the aqua phase F− include electrostatic attraction, ligand exchange, and H‐ bonding. The evaluation of anionic (NO3−, Cl− PO43−, CO32−, and SO42−) interference on the process showed that the mode of interaction between the LT0 and the F− occurred via specific adsorption. Laterite can be effectively used in aqua defluoridation, except where the presence of specific interfering ionic species are abundant. © 2018 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 38:e13107, 2019

Tuning charcoal to functional reactive filter materials for groundwater defluoridation

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“…Fluoride is of great concern in drinking water because of their grievous health implications. 14 Since the contemporary centralized municipal drinking water treatment systems are not designed for defluoridation, it has been found wanting in this regard. Hence, an effective decentralised point-of-use water treatment system is required to protect human health in the fluoride-endemic regions.…”

Novel Mesoporous Lignin-Calcium for Efficiently Scavenging Cationic Dyes from Dyestuff Effluent

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“…In certain regions, the situation is exacerbated by the occurrence of naturally occurring contaminants of which arsenic [4,7], fluoride [8,9] and uranium [10,11] are the most widespread [12,13]. Given that fluoride is often stable in water, and has a very small ionic size, it is very difficult to remove from the aqueous phase [8,[14][15][16][17]. High fluoride concentration (>1.5 mg/L) in drinking water causes dental and skeletal fluorosis.…”

“…During the past eight decades, enormous technical efforts to supply low-income communities with fluoride-free water have shown very limited success [8,[15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24]. This sad situation has motivated the search for non-technical solutions, and culminated in the presentation of a concept based on rainwater harvesting (RWH) to supply the whole East African Rift Valley (EARV) with fluoride-free drinking water conforming to the World Health Organization standard of [F − ] < 1.5 mg L −1 [25].…”