Inside Back Cover: Trimethylenemethane‐Ruthenium(II)‐Triphos Complexes as Highly Active Catalysts for Catalytic CO Bond Cleavage Reactions of Lignin Model Compounds (ChemCatChem 2/2013)

Stein, Thorsten vom; Weigand, Tobias; Merkens, Carina; Klankermayer, Jürgen; Leitner, Walter

doi:10.1002/cctc.201390004

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“…[357] Ruthenium-triphos complexes have also proved competent catalysts for the cleavage of 2-aryloxy-1-arylethanols. [358] Interestingly,when the triphos catalytic system was applied to the b-ether model 1-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-2-(2-methoxyphenoxy)-propane-1,3-diol (Scheme 14 c), C a ÀC b bond cleavage instead occurred, affording the corresponding benzaldehyde and 2-guaiacylethanol species; [359] ar etro-aldol mechanism with internal hydrogen transfer was proposed. In analogy to the oxidative vanadium-catalysed cleavage,t he examples of redox-neutral ruthenium catalysis demonstrate that alternative cleaving mechanisms at the b-O-4 linkage may occur upon minor modification of the model compound, catalyst properties or solvent.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paving the Way for Lignin Valorisation: Recent Advances in Bioengineering, Biorefining and Catalysis

et al. 2016

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Lignin is an abundant biopolymer with a high carbon content and high aromaticity. Despite its potential as a raw material for the fuel and chemical industries, lignin remains the most poorly utilised of the lignocellulosic biopolymers. Effective valorisation of lignin requires careful fine‐tuning of multiple “upstream” (i.e., lignin bioengineering, lignin isolation and “early‐stage catalytic conversion of lignin”) and “downstream” (i.e., lignin depolymerisation and upgrading) process stages, demanding input and understanding from a broad array of scientific disciplines. This review provides a “beginning‐to‐end” analysis of the recent advances reported in lignin valorisation. Particular emphasis is placed on the improved understanding of lignin's biosynthesis and structure, differences in structure and chemical bonding between native and technical lignins, emerging catalytic valorisation strategies, and the relationships between lignin structure and catalyst performance.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paving the Way for Lignin Valorisation: Recent Advances in Bioengineering, Biorefining and Catalysis

et al. 2016

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Enzymatic cleavage of lignin β-O-4 aryl ether bonds via net internal hydrogen transfer

et al. 2013

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The current greening of chemical production processes going along with a rising interest for the utilization of biogenic feedstocks recently revived the research to find new ways for the degradation of the complex lignin-backbone by means of biocatalysis and combined chemo-enzymatic catalysis. Lignin, which accumulates in 50 million t/a, is regarded as a potential substitute for phenolic and other aromatic, oil-based chemicals in the upcoming post oil age. The cleavage of the β-O-4-aryl ether linkage is the most favoured, since it accounts for approximately 50% of all ether linkages in lignin. This enzymatic cleavage was proposed to be a part of the lignin catabolism in the proteobacterium Sphingobium sp. SYK6.Three enzymes, LigD, a Cα-dehydrogenase, LigF, a β-etherase and LigG, a glutathione lyase, are supposed to be involved in lignin degradation. We cloned and recombinantly expressed these genes in E. coli and determined their pH and temperature optima on the lignin model substrate 1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-(2-methoxyphenoxy)-1,3-propanediol 1. Using an NAD + dependent glutathione reductase from Allochromatium vinosum (AVR) we established an efficient way to regenerate the co-substrates NAD + and glutathione allowing for a self-sufficient balanced enzymatic cascade with net internal hydrogen transfer (hydrogen borrowing). We showed the capability of this enzyme system to release lignin monomers from complex lignin structures coming from differently prepared real lignin substrates. This novel enzyme system could become a useful tool to release lignin monomers from complex lignin structures. † Electronic supplementary information (ESI) available. See

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Inside Back Cover: Trimethylenemethane‐Ruthenium(II)‐Triphos Complexes as Highly Active Catalysts for Catalytic CO Bond Cleavage Reactions of Lignin Model Compounds (ChemCatChem 2/2013)

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Paving the Way for Lignin Valorisation: Recent Advances in Bioengineering, Biorefining and Catalysis

Paving the Way for Lignin Valorisation: Recent Advances in Bioengineering, Biorefining and Catalysis

Enzymatic cleavage of lignin β-O-4 aryl ether bonds via net internal hydrogen transfer

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