Inside a Policymaker’s Mind: An Entrepreneurial Approach to Policy Development and Implementation

Ndemo, Bitange

doi:10.1057/978-1-137-57878-5_11

Cited by 22 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Kenya is one of the most influential countries in the East African region, rated by the OECD as a ‘low- and middle-income’ country, and with an estimated population of 51 million [ 47 ]. In the last decade, Kenya has witnessed an incredibly fast development in the ICT sector, with Nairobi often being referred to as the “Silicon Savannah”, which has raised the country’s international profile [ 48 ]. Increased investment in the digital industry has boosted the national economy and created a strong culture of entrepreneurial activity [ 49 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“When They See a Wheelchair, They’ve Not Even Seen Me”—Factors Shaping the Experience of Disability Stigma and Discrimination in Kenya

Barbareschi

Carew

Johnson

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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Disability stigma in many low- and middle-income countries represents one of the most pervasive barriers preventing people with disabilities from accessing equal rights and opportunities, including the uptake of available assistive technology (AT). Previous studies have rarely examined how disability stigma may be shaped through factors endemic to social interactions, including how the use of assistive technology itself may precipitate or alleviate disability stigma. Through two strands of work, we address this gap. Via a series of focus groups with Kenyans without disabilities (Study 1) and secondary data analysis of consultations with Kenyans with disabilities and their allies (Study 2), we identify shared and divergent understandings of what shapes disability stigma and discrimination. Specifically, Kenyans with and without disabilities were cognizant of how religious/spiritual interpretations of disability, conceptions of impairments as “different” from the norm, and social stereotypes about (dis)ability shaped the experience of stigma and discrimination. Moreover, both groups highlighted assistive technology as an influential factor that served to identify or “mark” someone as having a disability. However, whereas participants without disabilities saw assistive technology purely as an enabler to overcome stigma, participants with disabilities also noted that, in some cases, use of assistive technologies would attract stigma from others.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“When They See a Wheelchair, They’ve Not Even Seen Me”—Factors Shaping the Experience of Disability Stigma and Discrimination in Kenya

Barbareschi

Carew

Johnson

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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“…As Donovan (, p. 65) concluded, ‘Kenya's initial success with mobile money’ stemmed from ‘a virtual absence of regulations’. Ndemo (, p. 356) likewise observed that ‘M‐Pesa is a classic case where innovation preceded policy’.…”

Section: The Kenyan Model: the Enabling Approach Applied To M‐pesamentioning

confidence: 98%

M‐Pesa and the ‘Market‐Led’ Approach to Financial Inclusion

Burns

2018

Economic Affairs

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Inclusive financial systems play a critical role in fostering economic growth and development. However, the question of what is the best means of achieving this has long been a puzzle. In this article, I use the mobile money revolution in Sub‐Saharan Africa to show that the greatest examples of financial development have come from nations embracing a market‐led approach that removes repressive regulations and gives entrepreneurs the freedom to discover innovative ways to access the unbanked. Comparing the successes and failures of mobile money across the continent over the past decade, I argue that the best predictor of whether a country will reap the benefits of these transformative innovations is whether its government embraces a laissez‐faire, or ‘enabling’, regulatory approach that encourages entrepreneurship and experimentation.

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“…As has been recounted by the experts and system developers in different fora, the state’s supervisory authorities, including the National Treasury and the Central Bank of Kenya, mostly sought to create policy as a response, rather than a strategy. As such, M-Pesa typified ‘a classic case in which innovation preceded policy’ ( Ndemo, 2016 : 356). The government often appeared to not know how to respond to the technology’s increased transformation.…”

Section: Scenes From the Mobile Age In Nairobimentioning

confidence: 99%

Incompleteness of urban infrastructures in transition: Scenarios from the mobile age in Nairobi

Guma

2020

Soc Stud Sci

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Work in policy and research circles tends to depict urban infrastructural heterogeneity as synonymous with failure or brokenness. Inherent in this tendency is the often-subtle expectation that infrastructures should evolve as do their counterparts elsewhere, or in a linear trajectory from less complete to more complete arrangements. This article opposes such completist lures and inclinations. I recuperate the notion of incompleteness as a constitutive feature and explanatory category for urban infrastructures that, while diverging from so-called norms and ideals, cannot be described as failed or broken. I argue that, rather than devising universalizing solutions to processes of infrastructural heterogeneity, it is perhaps better to see infrastructures as emergent, shifting and thus incomplete. I make this case looking at three successive infrastructures in Nairobi: the Simu ya Jamii kiosk, the M-Pesa stall and the M-Pesa platform. I examine these infrastructures not simply as raw materials or empirical conduits, but as the very starting point in theorizing urban infrastructures from the South. Ultimately, this study not only opens up a vital frame for situated analysis and understanding of urban infrastructures in transition, it also adds to and extends STS analytical frames into non-Northern contexts.

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Inside a Policymaker’s Mind: An Entrepreneurial Approach to Policy Development and Implementation

Cited by 22 publications

References 3 publications

“When They See a Wheelchair, They’ve Not Even Seen Me”—Factors Shaping the Experience of Disability Stigma and Discrimination in Kenya

“When They See a Wheelchair, They’ve Not Even Seen Me”—Factors Shaping the Experience of Disability Stigma and Discrimination in Kenya

M‐Pesa and the ‘Market‐Led’ Approach to Financial Inclusion

Incompleteness of urban infrastructures in transition: Scenarios from the mobile age in Nairobi

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