Insertional inactivation of the <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>β‐toxin by bacteriophage φ13 occurs by site‐and orientation‐specific integration of the φ 13 genome

Coleman, David C.; Knights, Jonathan; Russell, R.J.; Shanley, Diarmuid B.; Birkbeck, T. H.; Dougan, Gordon; Charles, Ian G.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.1991.tb00768.x

Cited by 77 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 20 publications

(10 reference statements)

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“…There are well-characterized examples of site-specific recombination in gram-negative bacteria, especially that of bacteriophage (30). Although the integration system of phages of gram-positive bacteria is less well documented, data are available for several phages of S. aureus (11,31,59), for bacteriophage T12 of Streptococcus pyogenes (36), for the actinophage RP3 (18), and for several lactic acid bacterial phages (8,14,42,57). We have now identified the attP-containing phage DNA, the bacterial attachment site attB, and the host-phage junctions attL and attR of the MM1 prophage.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MM1, a Temperate Bacteriophage of the Type 23F Spanish/USA Multiresistant Epidemic Clone of Streptococcus pneumoniae : Structural Analysis of the Site-Specific Integration System

Gindreau

López

García

2000

J Virol

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We have characterized a temperate phage (MM1) from a clinical isolate of the multiply antibiotic-resistant Spanish/American 23F Streptococcus pneumoniae clone (Spain 23F -1 strain). The 40-kb double-stranded genome of MM1 has been isolated as a DNA-protein complex. The use of MM1 DNA as a probe revealed that the phage genome is integrated in the host chromosome. The host and phage attachment sites, attB and attP, respectively, have been determined. Nucleotide sequencing of the attachment sites identified a 15-bp core site (5-TTATA ATTCATCCGC-3) that has not been found in any bacterial genome described so far. Sequence information revealed the presence of an integrase gene (int), which represents the first identification of an integrase in the pneumococcal system. A 1.5-kb DNA fragment embracing attP and the int gene contained all of the genetic information needed for stable integration of a nonreplicative plasmid into the attB site of a pneumococcal strain. This vector will facilitate the introduction of foreign genes into the pneumococcal chromosome. Interestingly, DNAs highly similar to that of MM1 have been detected in several clinical pneumococcal isolates of different capsular types, suggesting a widespread distribution of these phages in relevant pathogenic strains.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MM1, a Temperate Bacteriophage of the Type 23F Spanish/USA Multiresistant Epidemic Clone of Streptococcus pneumoniae : Structural Analysis of the Site-Specific Integration System

Gindreau

López

García

2000

J Virol

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“…In other cases, prophages integrate into protein-encoding genes and lysogenization is linked to the loss of a protein function (negative lysogenic conversion phenotype). Wellcharacterized cases are the lipase-and the ␤-toxin-negative phenotype due to the integration of prophage L54a and phi13, respectively, into the S. aureus genome (54). Even when prophages integrate into intergenic DNA, the ca.…”

Section: Gene Disruptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phages and the Evolution of Bacterial Pathogens: from Genomic Rearrangements to Lysogenic Conversion

Brüssow

Canchaya

Hardt

2004

Microbiol Mol Biol Rev

1,455

1,295

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Comparative genomics demonstrated that the chromosomes from bacteria and their viruses (bacteriophages) are coevolving. This process is most evident for bacterial pathogens where the majority contain prophages or phage remnants integrated into the bacterial DNA. Many prophages from bacterial pathogens encode virulence factors. Two situations can be distinguished: Vibrio cholerae, Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli, Corynebacterium diphtheriae, and Clostridium botulinum depend on a specific prophage-encoded toxin for causing a specific disease, whereas Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, and Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium harbor a multitude of prophages and each phage-encoded virulence or fitness factor makes an incremental contribution to the fitness of the lysogen. These prophages behave like “swarms” of related prophages. Prophage diversification seems to be fueled by the frequent transfer of phage material by recombination with superinfecting phages, resident prophages, or occasional acquisition of other mobile DNA elements or bacterial chromosomal genes. Prophages also contribute to the diversification of the bacterial genome architecture. In many cases, they actually represent a large fraction of the strain-specific DNA sequences. In addition, they can serve as anchoring points for genome inversions. The current review presents the available genomics and biological data on prophages from bacterial pathogens in an evolutionary framework

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“…85,87,88) Phages in this group have cohesive ends. 13 has an isometric head the same as PVL in size.…”

Section: )mentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial Two-component and Hetero-heptameric Pore-forming Cytolytic Toxins: Structures, Pore-forming Mechanism, and Organization of the Genes

Kaneko

Kamio

2004

Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry

295

248

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Insertional inactivation of the Staphylococcus aureusβ‐toxin by bacteriophage φ13 occurs by site‐and orientation‐specific integration of the φ 13 genome

Cited by 77 publications

References 20 publications

MM1, a Temperate Bacteriophage of the Type 23F Spanish/USA Multiresistant Epidemic Clone of Streptococcus pneumoniae : Structural Analysis of the Site-Specific Integration System

MM1, a Temperate Bacteriophage of the Type 23F Spanish/USA Multiresistant Epidemic Clone of Streptococcus pneumoniae : Structural Analysis of the Site-Specific Integration System

Phages and the Evolution of Bacterial Pathogens: from Genomic Rearrangements to Lysogenic Conversion

Bacterial Two-component and Hetero-heptameric Pore-forming Cytolytic Toxins: Structures, Pore-forming Mechanism, and Organization of the Genes

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