Insertion sequence elements in Lactococcus garvieae

Eraclio, Giovanni; Ricci, Giovanni; Fortina, María Grazia

doi:10.1016/j.gene.2014.11.019

Cited by 21 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Insertion sequences, plasmids and lysogenic bacteriophages are mobile genetic elements which play an important evolutionary role by promoting adaptability in prokaryotic genomes (Eraclio et al 2015). During horizontal gene transfer, insertion sequences can play an important role in bacterial pathogenesis and exchange of virulence factors.…”

Section: Diversification Of Virulence Factor Contentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During horizontal gene transfer, insertion sequences can play an important role in bacterial pathogenesis and exchange of virulence factors. Fifteen insertion sequences have been identified in the publically available genomes of L. garvieae (Eraclio et al 2015). The close relatedness described between insertion sequences in L. garvieae and L. lactis may suggest genetic exchange between the species.…”

Section: Diversification Of Virulence Factor Contentmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Lactococcus garvieae: an emerging bacterial pathogen of fish

Meyburgh

Bragg²,

Boucher³

2017

Dis. Aquat. Org.

121

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Lactococcus garvieae is the causative agent of lactococcosis, a hyperacute, haemorrhagic septicaemia of fish. This bacterium is also considered an emerging zoonotic pathogen, as reports of human infection are increasing. Significant economic loss in aquaculture is suffered as a result of lactococcosis, as numerous freshwater and marine species of commercial interest are affected. Development of antibiotic resistance in L. garvieae to several chemotherapeutic agents complicates and restricts treatment options. Effective, sustainable treatment and prevention options are thus needed, but progress is impeded by the lack of knowledge concerning several aspects of the disease and the pathogen. This review aims to present the latest research on L. garvieae, with specific focus on pathogenesis, virulence factors, risks associated with chemotherapeutic administration and possible control options.

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Section: Diversification Of Virulence Factor Contentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Diversification Of Virulence Factor Contentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lactococcus garvieae: an emerging bacterial pathogen of fish

Meyburgh

Bragg²,

Boucher³

2017

Dis. Aquat. Org.

121

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Analysis of its Mobile Genetic Elements (MGEs) showed a high degree of variability that can be linked to the lifestyle of this species. In particular, the distribution of insertion sequences (IS) has been used to characterize different ecotypes 13 . Finally, not much is known about phages infecting L. garvieae .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of prophages of Lactococcus garvieae

Eraclio

Fortina

Labrie

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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This report describes the morphological characterization and genome analysis of an induced prophage (PLg-TB25) from a dairy strain of Lactococcus garvieae. The phage belongs to the Siphoviridae family and its morphology is typical of other lactococcal phages. A general analysis of its genome did not reveal similarities with other lactococcal phage genomes, confirming its novelty. However, similarities were found between genes of its morphogenesis cluster and genes of Gram-positive bacteria, suggesting that this phage genome resulted from recombination events that took place in a heterogeneous microbial environment. An in silico search for other prophages in 16 L. garvieae genomes available in public databases, uncovered eight seemingly complete prophages in strains isolated from dairy and fish niches. Genome analyses of these prophages revealed three novel L. garvieae phages. The remaining prophages had homology to phages of Lactococcus lactis (P335 group) suggesting a close relationship between these lactococcal species. The similarity in GC content of L. garvieae prophages to the genomes of L. lactis phages further supports the hypothesis that these phages likely originated from the same ancestor.

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“…Furthermore, the number of IS found in S. iniae QMA0248 is substantially higher than other Streptococci such as S. mitis strain B6 (n=63) but comparable to that of the Gram positive fish pathogen Lactococcus garvieae (26,27). The 92 IS elements belong to 7 different IS families and 20 IS types.…”

Section: Characterization Of S Iniae Qma0248 Insertion Sequencesmentioning

confidence: 84%

A high quality reference genome for the fish pathogenStreptococcus iniae

Zakour

Forde

Silayeva

et al. 2019

Preprint

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25Fish mortality caused by Streptococcus iniae is a major economic problem in fish 26 aquaculture in warm and temperate regions globally. There is also risk of zoonotic 27 infection by S. iniae through handling of contaminated fish. In this study, we 28 present the complete genome sequence of S. iniae strain QMA0248, isolated from 29 farmed barramundi in South Australia. The 2.12 Mb genome of S. iniae QMA0248 30 carries a 32 Kb prophage, a 12 Kb genomic island, and 92 discrete insertion 31 sequence (IS) elements. These include 9 novel IS types that belong mostly to the 32 IS3 family. Comparative and phylogenetic analysis between S. iniae QMA0248 and 33 publicly available complete S. iniae genomes revealed discrepancies that are likely 34 due to misassembly in the genomes of isolates ISET0901 and ISNO. We also 35 determined by long-range PCR that a tandem duplication of an rRNA region in the 36 PacBio assembly of QMA0248 was an assembly error. We suggest that a similar 37 rRNA duplication in the PacBio genome of S. iniae 89353 may also be a 38 misassembly. Our study not only highlights assembly problems in existing 39 genomes, but provides a high quality reference genome for S. iniae QMA0248, 40 including manually curated mobile genetic elements, that will assist future S. iniae 41 comparative genomic and evolutionary studies. 42 43 chronic rheumatic heart disease (3, 4). S. iniae pathogenesis is imparted through 50 a repertoire of virulence factors (VF) including surface proteins, secreted toxins, 51 and capsular polysaccharide (CPS) (4). VFs can be acquired through lateral gene 52 transfer (LGT) of mobile genetic elements (MGE) such as composite transposons, 53 genomic islands (GI) or prophages. 54 55 MGEs are a means by which bacterial pathogens acquire traits that help adapt to 56 changing conditions including vaccination, antibiotics, a new host or environment 57 (5, 6). Indeed, they are considered the main drivers of gene flux in bacteria, 58contributing to diversity within species (7). Insertion sequence (IS) elements, for 59 instance, are small MGEs (0.7-3.5 Kb) that have an important role in evolution and 60 genome plasticity. IS insertion within bacterial chromosomes or plasmids can 61 result in genetic modifications through insertional inactivation of genes or up-62 regulation of adjacent intact genes through outward-facing promoter sequences 63 carried by some IS (8, 9). In some cases pairs of IS can mobilize intervening 64 sequence as a composite transposon (8). The mobility of IS elements leads to their 65 expansion or loss within bacterial lineages. Expansion is associated with 66 accumulation of pseudogenes, which is considered an early stage in genome 67 reduction as a mechanism for adaptation (9). Accordingly, to obtain the complete 68 evolutionary picture within bacterial species it is important to study the 69 distribution and abundance of IS elements. 70 71As yet there is no study that focuses on the diversity and distribution of MGEs in 72 S. iniae genomes. In fact, only four complete S. inia...

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Insertion sequence elements in Lactococcus garvieae

Cited by 21 publications

References 25 publications

Lactococcus garvieae: an emerging bacterial pathogen of fish

Lactococcus garvieae: an emerging bacterial pathogen of fish

Characterization of prophages of Lactococcus garvieae

A high quality reference genome for the fish pathogenStreptococcus iniae

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