Insecticidal Resistance and Cross-Resistance in Populations of Cydia pomonella (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) in Central Europe

Abstract

Insecticide bioassays were used to investigate resistance of Cydia pomonella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) to insecticides with various types of active ingredients. The efficacy baselines of selected insect growth regulators (fenoxycarb), insect growth inhibitors (diflubenzuron and teflubenzuron), organophoshorous insecticides (phosalone), and neonicotinoids (thiacloprid) against the eggs and first and fifth instars of sensitive laboratory strains of codling moth were determined. According to concentration-mortality baseline, 50% lethality concentration values and 90% lethality concentration values were determined for all the tested insecticides. The lethal concentration ratio quantified the relation between the efficacy of selected insecticides against fifth instars found by topical application and against first instars found by diet-treated bioassay. No difference was detected when the efficacy of technical grade diflubenzuron diluted in tetrahydrofuran and diflubenzuron in the formulated product Dimilin 48 SC diluted in water was compared. However, just before the application of insecticide, the integument of larvae must be treated with acetone. Two bioassays were used to monitor the resistance of codling moths collected in 2003-2005 in two apple (Malus spp.) orchards with different intensities of chemical control. Resistance ratios (RRs) to the tested insecticides were determined for both field populations of codling moth. For the population of codling moth from a commercial apple orchard in Velké Bílovice, cross-resistance to fenoxycarb, teflubenzuron, and phosalone was detected after the topical application of insecticides to fifth instars. The population of codling moth from Prague-Ruzyne was slightly resistant to phosalone and teflubenzuron. No resistance to diflubenzuron was detected in either tested population.

Evaluation of Synthetic and Natural Insecticides for the Management of Insect Pest Control of Eggplant (<i>Solanum Melongena</i> L.) and Pesticide Residue Dissipation Pattern

“…Therefore, there is a need to evaluate systemic as well as contact insecticide to control the pest. Thiacloprid (Bay YRC 2894) is used for foliar application with systemic properties and broad-spectrum efficacy against sucking and biting insects [5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. Thiacloprid selectively acts on the insect nervous system as an agonist of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) [12].…”

Differences in the susceptibility of codling moth populations to Cydia pomonella granulovirus in the Czech Republic

“…Th en, cross-resistances to fenoxycarb, tefl ubenzuron, and phosalone was proved in Velké Bílovice population of codling moth (Stará, Kocourek 2007). Whereas cross-resistance between CpGV and some insecticides was not proved (Schmitt et al 2008) we can expect a high effi cacy of CpGV biopesticides against codling moth populations without history of CpGV treatment.…”

TOXICITY OF PHOSPHINE TO 4TH INSTAR LARVAE OF SIX DIFFERENT POPULATIONS OF Trogodermagranarium (Everts) (COLEOPTERA:DERMESTIDAE) COLLECTED FROM GODOWNS IN PUNJAB (PAKISTAN)

“…Pest control chemicals used incorrectly or for prolonged periods may select for pesticide resistance. The continuous and indiscriminate use of pesticides has resulted in resistance development and field control failures in China, India, Japan and Taiwan (Flores et al, 2006;Corbel et al, 2007;Djouaka et al, 2007;Jirakanjanakit et al ., 2007;Margaritopoulos et al, 2007;Montella, 2007;Oliveira et al, 2007;Stara and Kocourek, 2007). The cost and residues associated with fumigants is lower than of contact or systemic insecticides.…”