Insecticidal bacteria isolated from predatory larvae of the antlion species Myrmeleon bore (Neuroptera: Myrmeleontidae)

Nishiwaki, Hisashi; Ito, Katsuhiko; Shimomura, Masaru; Nakashima, Kenta; Matsuda, Kazuhiko

doi:10.1016/j.jip.2007.02.007

Cited by 36 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The similarity index estimated using the MIDI database demonstrated that the fatty acid profile of A3-2 was similar to those of B. sphaericus GC subgroup IIA (similarity index, 0.578) strains. All the results and our earlier DNA-DNA hybridization test results (the relatedness of A3-2 to DSM1867 was 89% [22]) were in agreement with the data reported earlier (7,15,23), suggesting that A3-2 is a strain of B. sphaericus subgroup IIA.…”

Section: Cell Morphology and Biochemical Properties Of B Sphaericus supporting

confidence: 93%

“…We have isolated various insecticidal bacteria against common cutworms from a digestive organ of M. bore ant lions (22). Of the insecticidal bacteria, B. sphaericus A3-2 was found to produce sphaericolysin in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

“…Thus, we have further isolated bacteria from the ant lion's crop, which serves as a reservoir of regurgitated fluid, to evaluate their toxicity to insects. It was found that some bacterial species obtained from the crop exhibit insecticidal actions against Spodoptera litura cutworms when injected (22). Of these, the A3-2 isolate was closely related to Bacillus sphaericus subgroup IIA on the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequencing and DNA-DNA hybridization tests.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Cloning, Functional Characterization, and Mode of Action of a Novel Insecticidal Pore-Forming Toxin, Sphaericolysin, Produced by Bacillus sphaericus

Nishiwaki

Nakashima

Ishida

et al. 2007

Appl Environ Microbiol

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An insecticidal protein produced by Bacillus sphaericus A3-2 was purified to elucidate its structure and mode of action. The active principle purified from the culture broth of A3-2 was a protein with a molecular mass of 53 kDa that rapidly intoxicated German cockroaches (Blattela germanica) at a dose of about 100 ng when injected. The insecticidal protein sphaericolysin possessed the undecapeptide motif of cholesterol-dependent cytolysins and had a unique N-terminal sequence. The recombinant protein expressed in Escherichia coli was equally as potent as the native protein. Sphaericolysin-induced hemolysis resulted from the protein's poreforming action. This activity as well as the insecticidal activity was markedly reduced by a Y159A mutation. Also, coapplication of sphaericolysin with cholesterol abolished the insecticidal action, suggesting that cholesterol binding plays an important role in insecticidal activity. Sphaericolysin-lysed neurons dissociated from the thoracic ganglia of the German cockroaches. In addition, sphaericolysin's activity in ganglia was suppressed by the Y159A mutation. The sphaericolysin-induced damage to the cockroach ganglia was greater than the damage to the ganglia of common cutworms (Spodoptera litura), which accounts, at least in part, for the higher sensitivity to sphaericolysin displayed by the cockroaches than that displayed by cutworms.Using entomopathogens as biopesticides can reduce the use of synthetic pesticides. Entomopathogens have been isolated from soils and the carcasses of insects, although the natural resources of the pathogens are not limited to these. The larvae of Myrmeleontidae insects, referred to as ant lions, suck out the body fluids of their prey. Because ant lions can kill prey larger than themselves, it was postulated that they used toxins. From the regurgitated fluid of Myrmeleon bore larvae, we have purified an insecticidal protein with a molecular mass of 170 kDa (19) and found that it was produced in the larval region from the thorax to the abdomen (33). In addition to the toxin produced by ant lions, insecticidal proteins were found to be produced by bacterial pathogens isolated from M. bore larvae (21, 34). Thus, we have further isolated bacteria from the ant lion's crop, which serves as a reservoir of regurgitated fluid, to evaluate their toxicity to insects. It was found that some bacterial species obtained from the crop exhibit insecticidal actions against Spodoptera litura cutworms when injected (22). Of these, the A3-2 isolate was closely related to Bacillus sphaericus subgroup IIA on the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequencing and DNA-DNA hybridization tests. This Bacillus species is currently used as a biopesticide with mosquitocidal action involving protein toxins, notably, binary toxin, Mtx1, and Mtx2 (2, 6). However, it is not clear whether A3-2 uses such mosquitocidal toxins to kill insects other than mosquitoes.The aim of this study is to determine an insecticidal factor produced by A3-2 and elucidate its mode of action. Here we report that th...

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Section: Cell Morphology and Biochemical Properties Of B Sphaericus supporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cloning, Functional Characterization, and Mode of Action of a Novel Insecticidal Pore-Forming Toxin, Sphaericolysin, Produced by Bacillus sphaericus

Nishiwaki

Nakashima

Ishida

et al. 2007

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…M. morganii has also been isolated from various insect species (Trasmonte et al, 2009;Gupta et al, 2012). However, Nishiwaki et al (2007) isolated Morganella morganii from predatory larvae of the antlion species Myrmeleon bore and it had considerable insecticidal effect (100%) on the pest. We also isolated M. morganii from S. nonagrioides and it had 43% mortality.…”

Section: Bacillus Anthracis (Ab190217)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification and pathogenicity of bacteria in the Mediterranean corn borerSesamia nonagrioides Lefebvre (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Eski¹,

Çakici²,

Güllü³

et al. 2015

Turk J Biol

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IntroductionCorn is the largest grown cereal crop in the world with doubled grain yield per unit area compared to wheat and barley. Although corn production holds second place in Mediterranean agricultural production, there has been a sharp decline in this value due to infestation by the Mediterranean corn borer (Özcan, 2009). The Mediterranean corn borer, Sesamia nonagrioides (Lefebvre) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is a major multivoltine pest of maize in Mediterranean countries (Tsitsipis, 1988;Alexandri and Tsitsipis, 1990). S. nonagrioides is a polyphagous species with a fairly wide range of host plants, including corn, sorghum, millet, rice, sugar cane, grasses, melon, asparagus, palms, and banana (Uygun and Kayapınar, 1993;Sannino et al., 2004). The population levels of this species, which has considerable potential to establish itself in an area and become abundant, may therefore depend on the abundance of these hosts (Eizaguirre and Fantinou, 2012). If insecticides are not applied, losses could rise to 100% in late and second crop production (Alexandri and Tsitsipis, 1990).Application of chemical insecticides against this harmful insect is recommended 2-3 times per growing season. However, yield losses could rise to 30% during seasons with severe insect outbreaks, even after 4-5 insecticide applications (Özcan, 2009). As well as causing significant maize crop losses, the insects reduce the nitrogen/protein content of grain by tunneling into the stem and cobs, where they are likely to interfere with the uptake of plant nutrients (Bayram, 2003). Furthermore, mycotoxigenic fungi associated with the pest often invade wound sites and can greatly depreciate the crop value (Avantaggiato et al., 2003). Although several control methods have been previously applied to this pest, damage is still pervasive. Chemical insecticides have been frequently used against it. While chemicals decrease pest population, they cause major threats to the environment and human health. Mechanical, cultural, and biological Abstract: Sesamia nonagrioides (Lep.: Noctuidae) is one of the most serious pests of corn in Turkey and other Mediterranean countries. Although various cultural, chemical, and biological methods are used to control this pest, its damage still continues in all Mediterranean countries. In this study, to find an effective bacterium that can be used as a biocontrol agent against S. nonagrioides, we isolated 15 bacteria from S. nonagrioides larvae and evaluated the larvicidal potency of all isolates on the pest. According to their morphological, physiological, biochemical, and molecular properties, the isolates were identified as Achromobacter insolitus (Sn1), Morganella morganii (Sn2), Klebsiella pneumoniae (Sn3), Citrobacter freundii (Sn4), Arthrobacter protophormiae (Sn5), Chryseobacterium indologenes (Sn6), Bacillus thuringiensis (Sn7), Bacillus safensis (Sn8), Bacillus thuringiensis (Sn9), Bacillus thuringiensis (Sn10), Klebsiella pneumoniae (Sn11), Staphylococcus sciuri (Sn12), Enterobacter kobei (Sn13), Serratia marce...

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“…Other insecticidal toxins have been found from several bacterial species associated with the antlion Myrmeleon bore. These bacteria are injected by the M. bore larvae into their preys in order to infect and kill them before feeding on their fluids (Nishiwaki et al, 2007).…”

Section: Insecticidal Toxins From Gram-negative Bacteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

The Diversity of Insect-bacteria Interactions and its Applications for Disease Control

Sánchez-Contreras

Vlisidou

2008

Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Reviews

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Prokaryotic microorganisms are widespread in all environments on Earth, establishing diverse interactions with many eukaryotic taxa, including insects. These associations may be symbiotic, pathogenic and vectoring. Independently of the type of interaction, each association starts with the adhesion of the microorganism to the host, entry and "invasion" of the host, then progresses to establishment and dissemination within the host, by avoiding host immune responses, and concludes with transmission back to the environment or to a new host. Advances in genomics and genetics have allowed the dissection of these processes and provided important information on the elements driving the shaping of the members of each association. Furthermore, many mechanisms involved in the establishment of the associations have been scrutinised, along with the development of new methods for the management of insect populations.

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Insecticidal bacteria isolated from predatory larvae of the antlion species Myrmeleon bore (Neuroptera: Myrmeleontidae)

Cited by 36 publications

References 12 publications

Cloning, Functional Characterization, and Mode of Action of a Novel Insecticidal Pore-Forming Toxin, Sphaericolysin, Produced by Bacillus sphaericus

Cloning, Functional Characterization, and Mode of Action of a Novel Insecticidal Pore-Forming Toxin, Sphaericolysin, Produced by Bacillus sphaericus

Identification and pathogenicity of bacteria in the Mediterranean corn borerSesamia nonagrioides Lefebvre (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

The Diversity of Insect-bacteria Interactions and its Applications for Disease Control

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