Insecticidal activity of essential oil of Prangos ferulacea (Umbelliferae) against Ephestia kuehniella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) and Trichogramma embryophagum (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae)

Abstract

Essential oil vapors obtained by the hydrodistillation of Prangos ferulacea (Umbelliferae) were tested on the different stages of Ephestia kuehniella Zeller (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) and egg parasitoid Trichogramma embryophagum Hartig (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae). Extracts of the volatile fractions from P. ferulacea were analyzed by capillary gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The major compound of the essential oil was detected as 2,3,6-trimethyl benzaldehyde (66.59%) and the minor compound was heneicosane (0.02%). The third instar larvae of E. kuehniella (LC 50 : 379.662 µL L -1 air and LC 99 : 538.755 µL L -1 air) and the pupal stage of T. embryophagum (LC 50 : 5.947 µL L -1 air and LC 99 : 19.568 µL L -1 air) were found to be the most tolerant stages. The essential oil was toxic to the adult stages of both the pest and its parasitoid with 100% mortality obtained after 24 h at 1.0 and 0.25 µL L -1 air, respectively. The LC 50 and LC 99 values of the essential oil against the egg stages of E. kuehniella and T. embryophagum were 320.372-486.839 µL L -1 air and 2.121-5.662 µL L -1 air, respectively. In general, the mortality rate increased with the increasing concentration of essential oil. The results of the study indicated that essential oil of P. ferulacea should be used as a control agent against E. kuehniella for an integrated pest management program.

The Nonvolatile and Volatile Metabolites of Prangos ferulacea and Their Biological Properties

“…The LC 50 and LC 99 values of the essential oil against the egg stages of E. kuehniella and T. embryophagum were 320.372-486.839 and 2.121-5.662 µL/L air, respectively. The results of this study indicated that essential oil of P. ferulacea should be used as a control agent against these pests for integrated pest management programs [79].…”

Chemical Composition and Biological Activities of Prangos ferulacea Essential Oils

“…Considerable variability in the chemical profiles of the essential oils of the populations of P. ferulacea of different geographical origin has been reported and recently reviewed [ 6 ]. In fact, for a Turkish accession of P. ferulacea , 2,3,6-trimethyl benzaldehyde was reported as the predominant constituent (66.59%) [ 34 ], whereas β -pinene (43.1%), α-pinene (22.1%) and δ -3-carene (16.9%), ( E )-caryophyllene (48.2%), α-humulene (10.3%) and spathulenol (9.4%), terpinolene (38.1–56.3%), α-pinene (57%), and α-pinene (36.6%) and β -pinene (31.1%), respectively were detected as volatile markers of different Iranian populations [ 6 ]. The chemical diversity between the different oils compared is linked to many factors, such as pedoclimatic conditions, including the climate, amount of rainfall, altitude, distance and effects of proximity to the sea and exposure to wind and sun.…”

Fumigant toxicity of essential oil of Hypericum perforatum L., 1753 (Malpighiales: Hypericaceae) to Tenebrio molitor L., 1758 (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)

“…Gözek (2007) demonstrated that adult and larval stages of Tribolium confusum Jaquelin Du Val, 1868 (Coleptera: Tenebrionidae) were the most tolerant stages to treatments of garlic essential oil. On the other hand, Sümer Ercan et al (2013) found that adult of Ephestia kuehniella Zeller, 1879 (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) was the most sensitive stage to exposure of Prangos ferulaceae Lindl. essential oil.…”