Insect-Resistant Plants

Rao, D. Easwar; Divya, K.; Prathyusha, Itikarlapalli Venkata Satya Naga; Krishna, Ch. Rama; Chaitanya, K. V.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-63661-4.00003-7

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…Further exploration of the pathways governing the production and regulation of these compounds could yield insights for breeding programs aiming to improve CLB resistance in wheat. Our findings align with Rao et al (2017), emphasizing the pivotal role of plant secondary metabolites in defense mechanisms against herbivores. Wheat, a critical global cereal crop, has evolved various chemical compounds, such as phenols, flavonoids, and tannins, to deter herbivory and safeguard against potential harm (Bennett and Wallsgrove, 1994).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…It promises to create resilient and sustainable crop systems that can withstand insect pressures, thus ensuring long‐term food security. The findings of this study resonate with Rao et al (2017), who highlighted the crucial role of plant secondary metabolites in defense mechanisms against herbivores. Wheat, a pivotal cereal crop globally, has evolved an array of chemical compounds, including phenols, flavonoids, and tannins, to deter herbivory and safeguard itself from potential damage (Bennett and Wallsgrove, 1994).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

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Antioxidant and Secondary Metabolite Responses in Wheat under Cereal Leaf Beetle (Oulema melanopus L.) Infestation

Parthiban,

Jan,

Mantoo

et al. 2024

Physiologia Plantarum

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Wheat is one of the most important cereal crops grown in the Western Himalayas of India but its production is challenged by the insect “cereal leaf beetle (CLB)”. This study explores the impact of domestication and modern crop improvement on wheat's defense mechanisms against the CLB, a global threat to wheat cultivation. Sixteen diverse wheat genotypes having different ploidy levels were investigated, including wild wheat, landraces, mutants, advanced breeding lines, commercial varieties, and a Rye grass genotype. Genotypes with resistance genes, landraces, and wild wheat exhibited the lowest CLB infestation and oxidative damage. These genotypes displayed enhanced antioxidant enzyme activity, such as peroxidase (POD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and polyphenol oxidase (PPO), reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and increased plant secondary metabolite (phenol and tannin) production upon CLB infestation. Resistant durum wheat demonstrated moderate responses and exhibited higher levels of flavonoid production. On the other hand, susceptible durum wheat genotypes, commercial variety Shalimar Wheat‐02 (SW‐2), showed high CLB infestation, ROS production, reduced antioxidant enzyme and secondary metabolite production. This may be because modern varieties like SW‐2 were not selected for insect resistance. These findings emphasize the significance of preserving genetic diversity from wild wheat and landraces to bolster wheat breeding programs against pests such as CLB. This study underscores the need to harness ancestral wheat lines to enhance insect pest resistance in modern wheat cultivars.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Antioxidant and Secondary Metabolite Responses in Wheat under Cereal Leaf Beetle (Oulema melanopus L.) Infestation

Parthiban,

Jan,

Mantoo

et al. 2024

Physiologia Plantarum

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“…Ujvary, (1999) found out that plant extracts that containing alkaloids as bioactive properties have displayed a significant role in reducing insects of agricultural and public health importance for centuries. Tannins were reported to have a strong poisonous effect to phytophagous insects and possess principal feeding restraints against some insect species (Easwar et al, 2017). Flavonoids have a major role in protecting plants against a variety of biotic stresses, organisms that cause plant disease and insect pests.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Flavonoids have a major role in protecting plants against a variety of biotic stresses, organisms that cause plant disease and insect pests. Most alkaloids are toxic and function principally in protecting against microbial infection and plants attack by herbivores (Easwar et al, 2017). Saponins are reported to have prospective use as natural insecticides and they put forth a powerful and rapid-working action against a wide variety of pests (De Geyter et al, 2007).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative Phytochemical Screening and Termicidal Activities of Euphorbia Tirucalli L. Extracts on Daniellia Oliveri (Rolfe) Hutch. And Dalziel and Ficus Capensis Thunb. Woods

Ekhuemelo

Agbidye

Igoche

2020

FJS

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This study investigated effect of Euphorbia tirucalli extracts on Daniellia oliveri and Ficus capensis woods. Wood samples were purchased and processed into 10 cm x 2 cm x 2 cm dimensions, while plant parts collected were oven dried before extraction. E. tirucalli was screened for phytochemicals. Concentrations of 0.5%, 1% and 2% extracts were prepared by serial dilution. Soligum, methanol and untreated wood samples were used as control. Treated wood samples were laid within 6 x 12 metres field at 1 x 3 metres spacing in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) in a termitarium and data were taken within 8 weeks. Phytochemical results indicated the presence of alkaloids, phenols, tannins, cardiac glycosides, flavonoids and saponins. Percentage absorption of extracts ranged from 47 - 86 % and 94.00 - 50.67 % in D. oliveri and F. capensis, respectively. Percentage retention of extracts ranged from 10.84 - 2.14 kg/m3 and 11.62 - 7.01 kg/m3 in D. oliveri and F. capensis. Soligum treated wood samples were not attacked throughout the period of study. D. oliveri and F. capensis woods treated with 0.5% E. tirucalli methanol extract were not attached on till the 6th and 8th week respectively. The least percentage weight loss of 5.49 % and 28.32 % were recorded for D. oliveri and F. capensis woods treated with soligum, while, 27.5 5 % and 52.50 % weight loss were recorded for F. capensis and D. oliveri woods treated with 0.5% methanol extract. It was concluded that the use o

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“…In a study by Mobeen et al (2021), the concentration of tannins ranged from 0.3-0.5 mg/g in Brassica juncea leaves which is lower than in the present study. Tannins were in charge of astringency and served to defend plants from insects and pests by binding to the digestive proteins of insects to generate an insoluble complex that rendered the enzymes inactive(Rao et al 2017).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive Assessment of Brassica juncea variety rugosa (Pahari Rai) Accessions from the Sub-Himalayan Region: Phytochemical, Antioxidant, Enzymatic, Mineral, and Fatty Acid Profiling

Adhikari,

Punetha

2024

Preprint

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Brassica juncea var. rugosa (Pahari rai), a broad leafy cruciferous vegetable is an essential and easy source of nutrition with numerous health-promoting factors. The phytochemical and antioxidant activity of leaf extracts showed the highest phenolic, flavonoid, ODP, and tannin content observed in the EEC-25 leaf methanolic extract. The highest protein content in EEC-25 followed by IC-524259 and IC-350800. The foremost concentration of carbohydrates was observed in germplasms IC-363758 (31.47±0.31 mg glucose g-1), IC-410471 (31.12±0.18 mg glucose g-1) and EEC-25 (26.45±0.19 mg glucose g-1). In-vitro antioxidant potential viz., total antioxidant content was observed highest in EEC-25 methanolic leaf extract (41.91±0.28 mg AAE g-1), FRAP activity in EEC-25 (5.91±0.68 mg AAE g-1), maximum DPPH free radical scavenging activity in IC-597933 (IC50=21.45±3.4 μg mL-1), ABTS free radical scavenging activity in IC-524259 (94.17±0.48 μg mL-1), superoxide radical scavenging activity of methanolic extract of PR-15 (IC50=124.37 μg mL-1), highest metal ion chelating activity of EEC-25 methanolic extract (IC50=52.22 μg mL-1), maximum reducing power activity in EEC-25 and IC-399839, all being significantly different (p≤0.05) from each other. Positive correlations have been observed among the total antioxidant, total phenolic, total flavonoid content, ODP, DPPH, and FRAP. Micronutrient analysis Pahari rai leaf was observed to be a rich source of essential minerals such as Mn, Fe, Zn, Ca, Cu, and Mg. Pahari rai was observed to be a rich source of MUFA and PUFA. An essential metric for assessing the nutritional value of various edible oils is the ω6:ω3 ratio was observed to be maximum in IC-350800 (2.53), IC-338535 (2.34), and IC-410471 (2.19). The multiutility of this leafy vegetable against numerous pathological ailments was attributed to the pharmacological activities of phytochemicals and to the development of functional food for human consumption.

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Insect-Resistant Plants

Cited by 9 publications

References 77 publications

Antioxidant and Secondary Metabolite Responses in Wheat under Cereal Leaf Beetle (Oulema melanopus L.) Infestation

Antioxidant and Secondary Metabolite Responses in Wheat under Cereal Leaf Beetle (Oulema melanopus L.) Infestation

Quantitative Phytochemical Screening and Termicidal Activities of Euphorbia Tirucalli L. Extracts on Daniellia Oliveri (Rolfe) Hutch. And Dalziel and Ficus Capensis Thunb. Woods

Comprehensive Assessment of Brassica juncea variety rugosa (Pahari Rai) Accessions from the Sub-Himalayan Region: Phytochemical, Antioxidant, Enzymatic, Mineral, and Fatty Acid Profiling

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