Insect Nutrition

House, H. L.

doi:10.1146/annurev.en.06.010161.000305

Cited by 113 publications

(35 citation statements)

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“…Phospholipids are important as key components in cell membranes and also play a role as molecular signals. Dietary sterols are required by all insects (House, 1961). Lipids may be supplied as free fatty acids or triglycerides, but their incorporation within aqueous base formulations requires surfactants.…”

Section: Lipidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of Dipteran Parasitoids

Dindo¹,

Grenier²

2014

Mass Production of Beneficial Organisms

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Section: Lipidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of Dipteran Parasitoids

Dindo¹,

Grenier²

2014

Mass Production of Beneficial Organisms

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“…Although many mineral elements are essential for animal growth and development, the amounts and balances required for optimal insect per-formance are unknown (Mattson and Scriber 1987). The importance of a proper balance of many different nutrients (and secondary compounds) in the nutritional ecology of insect herbivores has been widely recognized (House 1961, 1969, Mattson and Scriber 1987, Simpson and Simpson 1989, Waldbauer and Friedman 1991. Furthermore, the principle ofbioavailability (i.e., animals can absorb and utilize only a portion of the nutrients they take in) is especially relevant to minerals, because minerals commonly interact in complex and often unpredictable ways (Mattson and Scriber 1987, Anderson 1991.…”

Section: Introducfionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Defining the Western Spruce Budworm's Nutritional Niche With Response Surface Methodology

Clancy¹,

King²

1993

Ecology

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A response surface design was used to help define the "nutritional niche" of the western spruce budworm, Choristoneura occidentalis. We evaluated how calcium, magnesium, and phosphorus interacted to influence budworm fitness on artificial diets containing five different levels of the minerals. We quantified survival rates for several life stages using a three—generation bioassay. Data from the bioassay were used to estimate population growth over three complete generations. Performance of the budworm was affected by Mg (linear response for F1 generations; 0.83—1.95 mg/g tested) and P (quadratic response for P1 [parental] and F1 generations; 2.74—4.95 mg/g tested) but was largely unaffected by Ca (0.50—6.81 mg/g tested). Overall, the results suggested budworm performance is best when Mg is at low concentrations and P is at moderate concentrations, and that very high levels of Mg and P are detrimental to the budworm. On average, host trees had too much Mg and too little P for optimal response by budworms. Interactions between Mg and P imply that balances or ratios of minerals are important in budworm nutritional ecology. However, detectable effects from Mg, P, and Ca in the diets diminished as the bioassay continued into the F2 generation, and, consequently, the estimated number of larvae alive at the beginning of the F2 and F3 generations showed no relationship to concentrations of the test minerals. This result probably reflected: (1) the loss of some design points in the second and third generations of the biomass because larvae did not survive on diets that were markedly suboptimal and (2) increased variability in the population growth response as the experiment contributed into the F2 and F3 generations.

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“…The roles, if any, played by other minerals like P, Na, Fe, Mg, S, Cu, and Zn in the resistance shown by some Pieris taxa could not be ascertained. Utilization of different nutrients depends on the insectÕs abilities to digest complex molecules (House 1961). Pieris phillyreifolia was signiÞcantly low in starch and carbohydrates, whereas it was highest in Þber, lignin, and cellulose.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Host plants are important sources of water and nutrients for phytophagous arthropods and thus can inßuence herbivory (Bernays and Chapman 1994). Insects can adapt well to new environments and their nutritional requirements may vary even within a species, which makes it difÞcult to establish whether nutritional factors confer herbivory resistance to plants (House 1961). Nevertheless, many choices made by insects during their life processes are inßuenced by nutritional needs (Slansky 1982) and therefore, determining foliar nutrient composition may provide explanation for resistance shown by plants.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Resistance Mechanisms inPierisTaxa (Ericaceae) toStephanitis takeyai(Hemiptera: Tingidae)

2012

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This study examines some of the potential mechanisms of resistance in selected Pieris (Ericaceae) taxa to the Andromeda lace bug, Stephanitis takeyai Drake and Maa, based on differences in resistance to lace bug feeding, and the possible role of leaf parameters such as leaf wax, toughness, nutrient composition, and stomatal characters in plant resistance. Experiments with extracts of leaf-surface lipids revealed that Pieris leaf wax did not have a role in resistance to lace bug feeding. Leaf wax extracts from a resistant species P. phillyreifolia (Hook.) DC. applied to leaves of a susceptible cultivar P. japonica (Thunb.) D.Don ex G.Don 'Temple Bells' did not affect feeding, oviposition, or survival of S. takeyai; and neither the extracts from Temple Bells induce susceptibility in P. phillyreifolia. Leaf penetrometer measurements indicated that significantly higher force was required to puncture P. phillyreifolia leaves, which also had higher fiber, lignin, and cellulose, and lower leaf moisture contents. Ultrastructural examination of leaves of Pieris taxa revealed significant differences in the number and size of stomata. P. phillyreifolia leaves had the highest number of stomata per unit area but these were the smallest in size, whereas P. japonica (Thunb.) D.Don ex G.Don Temple Bells leaves had the fewest and largest stomata. Resistance in Pieris taxa to S. takeyai may be attributed to a combination of different factors including leaf toughness, moisture, and stomatal characters. The type of resistance may be described as antixenosis combined with antibiosis, because reduced adult survival and reproduction were observed on the taxa resistant to lace bug feeding.

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Insect Nutrition

Cited by 113 publications

References 0 publications

Production of Dipteran Parasitoids

Production of Dipteran Parasitoids

Defining the Western Spruce Budworm's Nutritional Niche With Response Surface Methodology

Resistance Mechanisms inPierisTaxa (Ericaceae) toStephanitis takeyai(Hemiptera: Tingidae)

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