Insect-inspired, tailless, hover-capable flapping-wing robots: Recent progress, challenges, and future directions

Phan, Hoang Vu

doi:10.1016/j.paerosci.2019.100573

Cited by 117 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 162 publications

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“…Magnetically controlled micro/nanorobots are actively investigated in recent years due to their promise to enhance the targeting ability of micro/nanoscale systems, such as drug delivery systems. Evidently, micro/nanorobots were applied in a wide range of fields, including military 8 , 9 , environmental 10 , 11 , and most especially biomedical applications 12 , 13 . Common biomedical applications with micro/nanorobots include cell transplant, targeted drug delivery for tumors, and minimally invasive surgery.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic tri-bead microrobot assisted near-infrared triggered combined photothermal and chemotherapy of cancer cells

Song

Chen

Zhang

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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Magnetic micro/nanorobots attracted much attention in biomedical fields because of their precise movement, manipulation, and targeting abilities. However, there is a lack of research on intelligent micro/nanorobots with stimuli-responsive drug delivery mechanisms for cancer therapy. To address this issue, we developed a type of strong covalently bound tri-bead drug delivery microrobots with NIR photothermal response azobenzene molecules attached to their carboxylic surface groups. The tri-bead microrobots are magnetic and showed good cytocompatibility even when their concentration is up to 200 µg/mL. In vitro photothermal experiments demonstrated fast NIR-responsive photothermal property; the microrobots were heated to 50 °C in 4 min, which triggered a significant increase in drug release. Motion control of the microrobots inside a microchannel demonstrated the feasibility of targeted therapy on tumor cells. Finally, experiments with lung cancer cells demonstrated the effectiveness of targeted chemo-photothermal therapy and were validated by cell viability assays. These results indicated that tri-bead microrobots have excellent potential for targeted chemo-photothermal therapy for lung cancer cell treatment.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic tri-bead microrobot assisted near-infrared triggered combined photothermal and chemotherapy of cancer cells

Song

Chen

Zhang

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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“…Insect fliers generally use elastic elements in their flight muscles as energy storage and thus, minimize their inertial power, thus enhancing their power loading [8]. This results in a more efficient flight, which is another advantage of flapping-wing flight over rotary wings [9]. Exhaustive applications of such MAVs can be found, for example, as a reconnaissance platform for search and rescue as well as military operations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review on System Identification and Mathematical Modeling of Flapping Wing Micro-Aerial Vehicles

Khan

Akmeliawati

2021

Applied Sciences

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This paper presents a thorough review on the system identification techniques applied to flapping wing micro air vehicles (FWMAVs). The main advantage of this work is to provide a solid background and domain knowledge of system identification for further investigations in the field of FWMAVs. In the system identification context, the flapping wing systems are first categorized into tailed and tailless MAVs. The most recent developments related to such systems are reported. The system identification techniques used for FWMAVs can be classified into time-response based identification, frequency-response based identification, and the computational fluid-dynamics based computation. In the system identification scenario, least mean square estimation is used for a beetle mimicking system recognition. In the end, this review work is concluded and some recommendations for the researchers working in this area are presented.

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“…Among these challenges is improving vehicle energy efficiency to enable autonomous flight. Presently, many FWMAVs are tethered and require off-board sources to provide power [11]. A comprehensive understanding of the insect "drivetrain", the insect thorax in particular, may guide the design of energy efficient FWMAVs moving forward.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring the frequency response of the honeybee thorax

Jankauski

2020

Bioinspir. Biomim.

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Insects with asynchronous flight muscles are believed to flap at the effective fundamental frequency of their thorax-wing system. Flapping in this manner leverages the natural elasticity of the thorax to reduce the energetic requirements of flight. However, to the best of our knowledge, the fundamental frequency of the insect wing-muscle-thorax system has not been measured. Here, we measure the linear frequency response function (FRF) of honeybee Apis mellifera thoraxes about their equilibrium state in order to determine their fundamental frequencies. FRFs relate the input force to output acceleration at the insect tergum and are acquired via a mechanical vibration shaker assembly. When compressed 50 µm, the thorax fundamental frequency averaged across all subjects was about 50% higher than reported wingbeat frequencies. We suspect that the measured fundamental frequencies are higher in the experiment than during flight due to boundary conditions and posthumous muscle stiffening. Next, we compress the thorax between 100 -300 µm in 50 µm intervals to assess the sensitivity of the fundamental frequency to geometric modifications. For all specimens considered, the thorax fundamental frequency increased nearly monotonically with respect to level of compression. This implies that the thorax behaves as a nonlinear hardening spring when subject to large displacements, which we confirmed via static force-displacement testing. While there is little evidence that insects utilize this non-linearity during flight, the hardening characteristic may be emulated by small resonant-type flapping wing micro air vehicles to increase flapping frequency bandwidth. Overall, methods established through this work provide a foundation for further dynamical studies on insect thoraxes moving forward.

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Insect-inspired, tailless, hover-capable flapping-wing robots: Recent progress, challenges, and future directions

Cited by 117 publications

References 162 publications

Magnetic tri-bead microrobot assisted near-infrared triggered combined photothermal and chemotherapy of cancer cells

Magnetic tri-bead microrobot assisted near-infrared triggered combined photothermal and chemotherapy of cancer cells

Review on System Identification and Mathematical Modeling of Flapping Wing Micro-Aerial Vehicles

Measuring the frequency response of the honeybee thorax

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