2004
DOI: 10.1139/x04-061
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Insect–host relationships influencing disturbance by the spruce budworm in a boreal mixedwood forest

Abstract: Demographic data from a 15-year outbreak of the spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana (Clem.) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), in a boreal mixedwood forest in Ontario, Canada, are used to interpret stand-level ecological disturbance in terms of susceptibility and vulnerability (mortality) of balsam fir (Abies balsamea (L.) Mill.), white spruce (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss), and black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill.) BSP). All three host-tree species are highly susceptible for oviposition by the spruce budworm and al… Show more

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Cited by 132 publications
(146 citation statements)
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“…Relative differences in defoliation between balsam fir and white spruce disappear for very high SBW population levels (Greenbank 1963, Nealis andRégnière 2004). Differences in defoliation between balsam fir-white spruce versus black spruce were less at high SBW population levels late in an outbreak, which may reflect increased SBW larvae migration to black spruce when foliage of preferred fir-white spruce becomes limiting (Blais 1957, Nealis andRégnière 2004). Therefore, for cases where annual defoliation exceeded 95%, spruce was assumed to be defoliated at similar levels to balsam fir.…”
Section: Future Sbw Outbreak Scenariosmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Relative differences in defoliation between balsam fir and white spruce disappear for very high SBW population levels (Greenbank 1963, Nealis andRégnière 2004). Differences in defoliation between balsam fir-white spruce versus black spruce were less at high SBW population levels late in an outbreak, which may reflect increased SBW larvae migration to black spruce when foliage of preferred fir-white spruce becomes limiting (Blais 1957, Nealis andRégnière 2004). Therefore, for cases where annual defoliation exceeded 95%, spruce was assumed to be defoliated at similar levels to balsam fir.…”
Section: Future Sbw Outbreak Scenariosmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In southeastern Ontario, the latitudinal gradient of hardwood content matches a gradient of increasing urbanization and, as a result, of increasing fire protection that might also explain the absence of fire in these areas [17]. At the northeastern limit of the spruce budworm belt, the high proportion of balsam fir, white spruce and black spruce (FbSwSb > 77.6%) is mainly due to the high proportion of black spruce, a tree that is less supportive of large spruce budworm populations than balsam fir or white spruce [39], and a tree which can proliferate on the wet soils there. In addition, these wet soils coupled with weather patterns bringing cold, moist air from Hudson's Bay limit the occurrence of fire (Figure 2 in [17]).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…La tordeuse des bourgeons de l'épinette est un lépidoptère de la famille des Tortricidae dont la distribution naturelle est la même que celle de ses espèce hôtes, c'est-à-dire l'épinette blanche (Picea glauca), l'épinette noire (Picea mariana), l'épinette rouge {Picea rubens), le mélèze {Larix laricina) et le sapin baumier {Abies balsamea), son hôte de prédilection et qui est aussi le plus vulnérable à sa défoliation (Biais, 1957(Biais, , 1961Greenbank, 1963;MacLean, 1984;Harvey, 1985;Martineau, 1985;MacLean et Ostaff, 1989';Bergeron et al, 1995;Nealis et Régnière, 2004). Les populations de latordeuse atteignent des niveaux épidémiques approximativement tous les 34 ans dans l'Est du Canada et sont l'une des perturbations naturelles les plus importantes des forêts boréales de l'Amérique du Nord (MacLean, 1984;Morin et Laprise, 1990;Jardon et al, 2003 Lors d'une épidémie, les premières années de défoliation entraînent la réduction de la production de pollen et de graines chez les arbres touchés (Biais, 1957;Morris, 1963).…”
Section: Les éPidémies De La Tordeuse Des Bourgeons De L'épinetteunclassified
“…Après trois à quatre années de défoliation sévère, les arbres matures meurent également (Royama, 1984, Jardon, 2001Nealis et Régnière, 2004). Cette mortalité permet à la régénération pré-établie de sapin baumier de constituer progressivement une nouvelle strate arborescente (Mattson et Addy, 1975;Romme et al, 1986;Schowalter et al, 1986;MacLean, 1988;Haack et Byler, 1993;Morin, 1994).…”
Section: Les éPidémies De La Tordeuse Des Bourgeons De L'épinetteunclassified
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