Insect Haemolymph Proteins

Kanost, Michael R.; Kawooya, John K.; Law, John H.; Ryan, Robert O.; Heusden, Miranda C. Van; Ziegler, Rolf

doi:10.1016/s0065-2806(08)60008-9

Cited by 331 publications

(172 citation statements)

References 463 publications

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“…At higher sublethal doses of RH-2485 all the larvae had a very low density of 30 kDa protein, most of the dead larvae displayed symptoms of bacterial infections. The role of 30 kDa protein is not yet fully elucidated, but the polypeptides at 29-30 kDa regions were responsible for defense against pathogenic organisms and prevention of leakage from the gut (Kanost et al 1990). The decrease in the intensity might be taken as an evidence for a decline in synthesis or an increase in the utilization of this protein.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of RH-2485 on development, metamorphosis and synthesis of major proteins in female silkworm Bombyx mori

2010

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Toxicological data on silkworm Bombyx mori are quite comparable to those of other lepidopteran pest insects, therefore, it is considered as a suitable model for exploring effects of any new synthetic formulations. In this study, female V instar larvae of silk moth B. mori were chosen to evaluate the lethal and sublethal toxicity effects of RH-2485 (methoxyfenozide), a non-steroidal ecdysteroid agonist and to substantiate the ecdysteroid mimicking action of RH-2485 on ovary development, vitellogenin incorporation and egg production in isolated pupal abdomen (IPA). Probit analysis was carried out to find the median lethal dose (LD50) from 96 h cumulative mortality percent. Protein profile of haemolymph, fat body, ovary and eggs were separated in SDS-PAGE. Western blot analysis was carried out to confirm vitellogenin in the ovary. Sublethal effects on feeding, cocoon spinning, pupation, adult emergence and egg production were studied at doses of 1/5 th , 1/10 th and 1/20 th of LD50. Significant changes were observed in all these parameters at all three sublethal doses. The morphological effects were related to underlying biochemical changes by finding the changes in haemolymph, fat body, ovary and egg protein profile. Marked changes were observed in storage proteins (80 kDa) and 30 kDa proteins in the haemolymph at all three sublethal doses. The larvae that escaped the sublethal effects at a dose of 1/20 of LD50 and emerged as adults with malformed wings produced significantly lower number of eggs. The isolated pupal abdomen (IPA) treated with RH-2485 did not metamorphose into adult but the oocyte development and vitellogenesis were normal but the egg precursor processing was incomplete leading to failure in choriogenesis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Vitellogenin is an important protein synthesized in the fat body transported in the haemolymph to the ovary (Kanost et al 1990). This protein is a phosphoglycolipoprotein (Engelmann 1979).…”

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confidence: 99%

Effect of RH-2485 on development, metamorphosis and synthesis of major proteins in female silkworm Bombyx mori

2010

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“…Hexamerin biosynthesis takes place in the fat body and is subsequently released into the hemolymph where it functions in macromolecule storage. 22,23 It has been demonstrated that hexamerins are endocytosed by fat body cells and act as storage proteins during larval feeding prior to metamorphosis. 24 The hexamerin receptor is classified as a member of the low density lipoprotein superfamily 22 and Figure 3.…”

Section: ©2 0 1 1 L a N D E S B I O S C I E N C E D O N O T D I S Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pre-exposure ofGalleria mellonellalarvae to different doses ofAspergillus fumigatusconidia causes differential activation of cellular and humoral immune responses

2011

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“…The four CP variants are constructed by the assembly of two distinct polypeptide subunits, CPA and CPβ : CP-1 ϭ A 6 ; CP-2 ϭ A 4 β 2 ; CP-3 ϭ A 2 β 4 ; CP-4 ϭ β 6 . The N-termini of the two subunits share appreciable sequence similarity with other insect hexamerins [23].…”

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Two hexameric cyanoprotein subunits from an insect, Riptortus clavatus

Miura

Shinoda

Yura

et al. 1998

European Journal of Biochemistry

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Hemolymph of a hemipteran insect, Riptortus clavatus, contains four distinct hexameric proteins (cyanoproteins) composed of two distinct subunits, CPA and CPβ, which show profiles of abundance depending on developmental stage, diapause status controlled by juvenile hormone, and sex. We have isolated cDNA clones encoding the two subunits and determined the complete sequences. The nucleotide sequences predict polypeptides of 693 and 691 residues for CPA and CPβ, respectively, including identical 16-residue signal peptides. The deduced amino acid sequences of both CPA and CPβ have significant similarity to other hemocyanin-related proteins, indicating that the cyanoproteins represent hexamerins. Phylogenetic analyses show that the cyanoprotein subunits can be grouped together with other hexamerins from exopterygote insects. Developmental Northern-blot analyses suggest that the expression of the cyanoproteins is regulated at the level of transcript abundance. In addition, the expression of the CPA subunit in female adults has been shown to be enhanced by juvenile hormone (JH) while the expression of the CPβ subunit is suppressed by the same hormone. To our knowledge, the CPA subunit of R. clavatus is the first case of a JH-enhanceable hexamerin whose sequence has been determined.Keywords : insect; hexamerin; juvenile hormone regulation; molecular phylogeny.The hexamerins are arthropod hexameric or multi-hexameric serum proteins composed of identical or distinct subunits with molecular masses of around 80 kDa. The hexamerin superfamily includes insect hemolymph proteins as well as hemocyanins of crustaceans, chelicerates and myriapods [1]. In contrast to the established function of hemocyanins as copper-binding oxygen carriers [2], the insect hexamerins perform several functions, such as amino acid reservoirs (storage proteins) for non-feeding developmental stages [3Ϫ7], as a major yolk protein [8,9], and as binding proteins for riboflavin [10,11] and juvenile hormone (JH) [12].Insect hexamerins so far sequenced have been classified into the following five groups primarily based on amino acid sequence alignment [13,14]: (a) lepidopteran methionine-rich hexamerins; (b) lepidopteran aromatic-amino-acid-rich arylphorins ; (c) lepidopteran JH-suppressible hexamerins; (d) dipteran arylphorins; (e) coleopteran and dictyopteran JH-suppressible arylphorins. Our present understanding of insect hexamerins, thus, is mainly from the studies on higher endopterygote insect orders. Recently, several research groups have reported the cDNA cloning of proenzymes of insect and crustacean pheCorrespondence to K. Miura, Department of Medical Zoology, School of Medicine, Mie University, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu City, Japan 514Fax: ϩ81 59 231 5215. E-mail: k-miura@doc.medic.mie-u.ac.jp Abbreviations. CP, cyanoprotein; JH, juvenile hormone; JHA, juvenile hormone analog.Note. The nucleotide sequence data of CPA and CPβ reported in this paper appear in the GSDB, DDBJ, EMBL and NCBI nucleotide sequence databases with the accession numbers D87272 an...

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Insect Haemolymph Proteins

Cited by 331 publications

References 463 publications

Effect of RH-2485 on development, metamorphosis and synthesis of major proteins in female silkworm Bombyx mori

Effect of RH-2485 on development, metamorphosis and synthesis of major proteins in female silkworm Bombyx mori

Pre-exposure ofGalleria mellonellalarvae to different doses ofAspergillus fumigatusconidia causes differential activation of cellular and humoral immune responses

Two hexameric cyanoprotein subunits from an insect, Riptortus clavatus

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