Insect growth inhibition, antifeedant and antifungal activity of compounds isolated/derived from Zingiber officinale Roscoe (ginger) rhizomes

Abstract

Fresh rhizomes of Zingiber officinale (ginger), when subjected to steam distillation, yielded ginger oil in which curcumene was found to be the major constituent. The thermally labile zingiberene-rich fraction was obtained from its diethyl ether extract. Column chromatography of ginger oleoresin furnished a fraction from which [6]-gingerol was obtained by preparative TLC. Naturally occurring [6]-dehydroshogaol was synthesised following condensation of dehydrozingerone with hexanal, whereas zingerone and 3-hydroxy-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)butane were obtained by hydrogenation of dehydrozingerone with 10% Pd/C. The structures of the compounds were established by 1H NMR, 13C NMR and mass (EI-MS and ES-MS) spectral analysis. The test compounds exhibited moderate insect growth regulatory (IGR) and antifeedant activity against Spilosoma obliqua, and significant antifungal activity against Rhizoctonia solani. Among the various compounds, [6]-dehydroshogaol exhibited maximum IGR activity (EC50 3.55 mg ml-1), while dehydrozingerone imparted maximum antifungal activity (EC50 86.49 mg litre-1).

Structure-function activity of dehydrozingerone and its derivatives as antioxidant and antimicrobial compounds

“…Our results are similar to the studies reported on vanillin (Fitzgerald et al 2005). DZ have also shown significant antifungal activity (EC 50 86.49 mg litre −1 ) against Rhizoctonia solani (Agarwal et al 2001).…”

Antifungal Activity of Alkaloids from the Seeds of Chimonanthus praecox

“…Compounds 1 and 2, and the MeOH extract of C. praecox seeds were evaluated for their antifungal activities against five plant pathogenic fungi, Exserohilum turcicum and Bipolaris maydis, Alternaria solani, Sclerotinia sderotiorum, and Fusarium oxysportium in vitro using the protocol described in [25]. The inhibitory activities (the effective concentration for 50% growth inhibition, EC 50 value) are collected in the Table. Bioassay results revealed that the MeOH extract inhibited the in vitro growth of five plant pathogenic fungi (Table) at a concentration of 250 mg/ml.…”

The Toxic Spectrum of Ricinus Communisand Zingiber Officinalis Essential Oils against Musca Domestica L.

“…The essential oil of Z. officinalis evaluated larvicidal activity and recorded LC50 value of 259 ppm against M. Domestica ( Morey and Khandagle, 2012). Products isolated from Z. officinalis found to be effective as insect antifeedant and insect growth regulators (Agarwal et al, 2001). The essential oil of Z. officinalis caused significant larvicidal and repellency activity against M. domestica and found effective in repellent and oviposition deterrence assay (Morey and Khandagle, 2012;Krishna, 2013).…”