“…Insects are often considered ecosystem engineers because they impact soil properties (Lavelle et al 1997), influence nutrient cycling (Belovsky & Slade 2000), serve as a food source to higher trophic levels (Tallamy 2009), and provide critical pollination services allowing plants to successfully reproduce (Archer & Pyke 1991, Dixon 2009, Cusser & Goodell 2013). Since they provide more ecosystem services than other wildlife, respond rapidly to environmental change, and because statistically valid samples can be captured in a short duration, insects have been used as indicators of restoration success (e.g., Kimberling et al 2001, Longcore 2003, Rohde et al 2019). While traditional focus of insects in ecological restoration projects has been towards pollinators in agriculture systems (Menz et al 2010), more recently they are becoming more common in non-crop studies (e.g., Cusser & Goodell 2013, Tonietto & Larkin 2018, Rohde et al 2019, Curran et al 2022).…”