Input and Output of Nutrients in a Diked Flooded Savanna

López‐Hernández, Danilo; Garcia, Maria O.; Niño, M.

doi:10.2307/2404545

Cited by 8 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Concentrations of Na and K were higher than the values presented by Steinhardt and Fassbender (1979) in a cloud forest located in San Eusebio, Venezuela, and by López-Hernández et al (1994) in a flooded savanna ecosystem in Mantecal, Venezuela located far from the ocean and in a more pristine environment. On the contrary, Steinhardt and Fassbender (1979) in a forest site at San Eusebio, Venezuela and López-Hernández et al (1994) at Mantecal, Venezuela reported higher annual averages for Ca and Mg.…”

Section: The Ph and Base Cation Concentrations Of Rainwatercontrasting

confidence: 58%

Sugar cane nutrient requirements and the role of atmospheric deposition supplying supplementary fertilization in a Venezuelan sugar cane plantation

Hernández¹,

Sequera²,

Vallejo³

et al. 2013

Atmósfera

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RESUMENLa región centro norte de Venezuela está caracterizada por lluvias de naturaleza ácida, cargadas de contaminantes que incluyen nutrientes, debido a la intensa actividad industrial y agrícola de la zona. Esta región presenta a su vez grandes extensiones de plantaciones de caña de azúcar. Una vez que la lluvia pasa por el dosel de bosques o de ecosistemas agrícolas, su composición química cambia, ya sea por absorción, lixiviación o lavado de iones depositados en el dosel. Este documento describe los cambios en la química de las aguas de lluvias después de pasar por el dosel de una plantación de caña de azúcar. En cuatro parcelas de 300 m 2 ubicadas en un área experimental de 4.5 ha, plantadas con Saccharum officinarum, se instalaron colectores de agua de lluvia y de escurrimiento foliar. El estudio corresponde al análisis de crecimiento de la tercera soca del cultivo. El pH del agua de lluvia se incrementa cuando pasa por el dosel. La magnitud de los cambios fue importante y se relacionó parcialmente con las cantidades significativas de cationes que se lavan del dosel. Las entradas de N en el agroecosistema fueron altas (25.25 kg ha 1 a -1 ) como consecuencia de la fertilización y quema local de la caña antes de su cosecha y la actividad industrial (petroquímica y fertilizantes) desarrollada en la zona. Las precipitaciones (húmeda y seca) representan una importante fuente de entradas de nutrientes a la plantación. En el caso de los macronutrientes (N, P y K) las entradas fueron altas y suplen una significativa fracción de los requerimientos del cultivo, lo mismo ocurre en el caso del zinc y del cobre. ABSTRACTAs a consequence of high industrial and agricultural activities, acidic rains loaded with pollutants-including nutrients-are characteristic of northern central Venezuela, a region dominated by sugar cane plantations. Canopies of forest and agricultural crops can modify the chemistry of rainfall through uptake, leaching and outwash of deposited ions. This paper describes the change in the chemistry of acid rains after passing through a sugar cane canopy. Four plots of 300 m 2 within a 4.5 ha experimental area, planted with Saccharum officinarum had rain and throughfall collectors installed. The study corresponds to the analysis of the growing season of the third ratoon. The pH of the rain in the agroecosystem increased after passing through the canopy. The magnitudes of the changes were important and partially related to the significant amount of cations leached from the leaves or washed out from dry deposition to the leaves. N inputs for wet and dry deposition in the agroecosystem were high (25.25 kg ha -1 yr -1 ) as a consequence of the agricultural activity in the area, the local burning of sugar cane before cropping, and the location of the experimental area close Atmósfera 26(3), 337-348 (2013) 338 D. López-Hernández et al. to petrochemical and fertilizer industries. Rainfall constitutes an important source of nutrient inputs to the sugar cane system. In the case of macronutrients (N, P and K...

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Section: The Ph and Base Cation Concentrations Of Rainwatercontrasting

confidence: 58%

Sugar cane nutrient requirements and the role of atmospheric deposition supplying supplementary fertilization in a Venezuelan sugar cane plantation

Hernández¹,

Sequera²,

Vallejo³

et al. 2013

Atmósfera

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The highest zone is sabana de Banco, the middle zone is sabana de Bajío and the lowest zone is sabana de Estero. Each physiography unit is characterised by a particular association of soil and vegetation [4], at MEM, Bajio and Estero units represent most of the dyked surface.…”

Section: Study Sitementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Also, when the site is exposed to copious precipitation, element concentrations of lateral drainage waters might be mainly controlled by rain water composition. The values of pH in discharge water increased (around 6.5, Table 3), when compared with precipitation water (5.1-5.8, Table 2) as a consequence of the considerable amounts of bases (Ca, Mg, and K) that were released [4] from the stagnant water by leaching and decomposition processes of the accumulated biomass within the dyke (10-17 Mg ha −1 according to Escobar and González-Gimenez [25], and Bulla et al [26]). Such biomass accumulation is particularly important at the end of the wet season and during the dry season (November-April).…”

Section: Output Of Zn and Cumentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Venezuelan and Colombian flooded savannas are characterised by acidic soils and also by redox conditions which may induce Zn and Cu solubilisation; losses by leaching and external run-off (erosion) might reach limiting levels unless they are compensated for by the inputs due to precipitation or by weathering of Zn and Cu accessory minerals. Precipitation water in neotropical savanna ecosystems is in general slightly or definitely acid [4,5], therefore, macro and micronutrient levels in such water are not expected to be particularly high. Moreover, savanna ecosystems, and within them, alluvial overflow plains in Venezuela are distant from the ocean and with a non-significant anthropogenic activity; consequently the composition of rain water should be minimally affected by marine aerosols.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In previous papers we described the input and output of nutrients in a flooded savanna, showing the role of precipitation water in the nutrient (cations and micronutrients) economy of those environments [4,7]. After the construction of the dykes, the biomass vegetation doubled and its species composition changed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biogeochemistry and cycling of zinc and copper in a dyked seasonally flooded savanna

López‐Hernández

2008

Chemistry and Ecology

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There is very little information on the cycling of heavy metals in natural savannas. Venezuelan flooded savannas are characterised by acid soils with redox conditions which might induce Zn and Cu solubilisation. In those flooded savannas a network of small dykes has been constructed to control floods. The biomass accretion after dyking and the abundance of clay particles in the vertisols, dominant in the overflow plains, might be responsible for an increase in nutrient uptake and immobilisation. Due to the redox and pH conditions prevailing during flooding, some questions arise on the fate of the heavy metals. Are they significantly lost as soluble and particulate forms, which in turn, can induce a potential risk of microelement deficiency? Or, on the contrary, are heavy metal inputs in precipitation waters retained somewhere in the terrestrial pools of the watershed allowing for an adequate micronutrient economy? By using inputoutput budgets, which consider the total atmospheric input and total output in stream runoff (soluble and particulate) for zinc and copper we concluded that in Mantecal flooded savannas, a net accumulation of micronutrient in soils is actually occurring through organic and inorganic complexes, a process that is counterbalanced by the losses of particulates through erosion.

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Soil phosphorus budget in global grasslands and implications for management

Zhou

Daryanto

Xin

et al. 2017

Journal of Arid Environments

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Grasslands, accounting for one third of the world terrestrial land surface, are important in determining phosphorus (P) cycle at a global scale. Understanding the impacts of management on P inputs and outputs in grassland ecosystem is crucial in environmental management since a large amount of P is transported through rivers and groundwater and detained by sea reservoir every year. To better understand the P cycle in global grasslands, we mapped the distribution of different grassland types around the world and calculated the corresponding P inputs and outputs for each grassland type using data from the literature. The distribution map of P input and output revealed a nonequilibrium condition in many grassland ecosystems, with: (i) a greater extent of inputs than outputs in most managed grasslands, but (ii) a more similar inputs and outputs in the majority of natural grasslands. Based on the mass balance between P input and output, we developed a framework to achieve sustainable P management in grasslands and discussed the measures targeting a more balanced P budget. Greater challenge is usually found in heavily-managed than natural grasslands to establish the optimum amount of P for grass and livestock production while minimizing the adverse impacts on surface waters. This study provided a comprehensive assessment of P budget in global grasslands and such information will be critical in determining the appropriate P management measures for various grassland types across the globe.

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Input and Output of Nutrients in a Diked Flooded Savanna

Cited by 8 publications

References 9 publications

Sugar cane nutrient requirements and the role of atmospheric deposition supplying supplementary fertilization in a Venezuelan sugar cane plantation

Sugar cane nutrient requirements and the role of atmospheric deposition supplying supplementary fertilization in a Venezuelan sugar cane plantation

Biogeochemistry and cycling of zinc and copper in a dyked seasonally flooded savanna

Soil phosphorus budget in global grasslands and implications for management

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