Inovasi Teknologi Budidaya Padi Unggul di Lahan Rawa Pasang Surut Tipe Luapan C

Abstract

Lahan rawa pasang surut ke depan memegang peranan penting dalam peningkatan produksi padi untuk mendukung swasembada pangan. Percepatan swasembada pangan dapat dilakukan melalui demontrasi plot teknologi budidaya padi. Untuk mendapatkan paket teknologi pengelolaan terpadu yang adaptif mendukung pengembangan padi di lahan rawa pasang surut, dilakukan kegiatan diseminasi pada lahan petani Desa Matang Danau, Kecamatan Paloh, Kabupaten Sambas, Provinsi Kalimantan Barat. Kegiatan dilakukan pada musim kemarau (MK) 2018, musim hujan (MH) 2018/2019 dan MK 2019 masing-masing seluas 50 ha yang terdiri dari 5 ha paket teknologi introduksi (P1) dan 45 ha paket teknologi petani (P2). Teknologi yang diterapkan terdiri: penggunaan varietas unggul, penyiapan lahan, pengelolaan air, sistem tanam jarwo 2:1, dan pengelolaan hara. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui catatan kegiatan harian dan survei. Hasil kegiatan diseminasi menunjukkan bahwa hasil padi unggul pada MK 2018 berkisar antara 2,44 - 5,39 ton/ha GKG, musim hujan 2018/2019 berkisar 7,3 - 8,4 ton/ha GKG dan MK 2018 2,4 -4,4 ton/ha. Secara ekonomi dari perbaikan teknologi budidaya padi varietas unggul sebanyak 8 varietas pada MK 2018, 5 varietas pada MH 2018/2019 dan 6 varietas pada MK 2019 mempunyai prospek baik untuk dikembangkan pada skala luas. Persepsi petani terhadap budidaya padi unggul introduksi pada skala peringkat setuju.

Seventy Years of Rice Crop Cultivation in Tidal Swampland: Potential, Constraints, and Limitations

“…The Sub-District Extension Center has not provided optimal services due to inadequate and equitable transportation facilities. The limitations of agricultural extension workers involve the limit in number, area coverage, transportation facilities, road infrastructure, and limited knowledge of swamp land [27].…”

Financial feasibility of introduced rice cultivation technology on tidal type B (case of Belanti Siam Village, Pandih Batu District, Pulang Pisau Regency)

“…The higher of the education of the farmer, the higher his ability to receive, filter, and apply the technology given to hm. The level of education also determines the level of a person's courage in deciding to manage a farm [18,19]. Age and education level influence technology adoption and farmer's ability to implement inn ovation [20].…”

“…Tidal rice fields are classified as infertile due to soil acidity, high levels of pyrite, aluminum, iron and organic acids, poor basic cations such as Ca, K, Mg and high attack of plant-disturbing organisms [2]. The low productivity of swampland is also caused by (1) farmer's subsistence motivation, (2) farmer's barriers in capital and manpower and (3) farmer's barriers in dealing with risks due to climate change [3].…”

“…Farmers generally plant local rice once a year, but in some locations twice a year. Local rice production ranges from 2.5 -3.5 ton ha -1 while high yielding rice is 3.17 ton ha -1 [4,5]. The productivity of high yield rice varieties on tidal type B could be increased through the application of appropriate cultivation technology with yield of 5.9 -6.3 ton ha -1 [6,7] and 2.7 -5.3 ton ha -1 on burnt peatlands [8].…”

“…The characteristics of these technologies are related to 1230 (2023) 012196 IOP Publishing doi:10.1088/1755-1315/1230/1/012196 9 people's habits, then apply them and get benefits. [18] state that seeing with your own eyes will generate greater trust. The existence of trust will motivate farmers to participate in adopting technology.…”