Inorganic nitrogen wet deposition: Evidence from the North-South Transect of Eastern China

Zhan, Xi; Yu, Guirui; He, Na; Jia, Bingrui; Zhou, Minghua; Wang, C.; Zhang, Jian; Zhao, Guangshuai; Wang, Shuangyi; Liu, Y.; Yan, Junhua

doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2015.03.016

Cited by 33 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Y. Li et al () report an increasing proportional deposition of NH 4 + from the atmosphere over the United States, reflecting the increasing emissions of NH 3 . Similar trends are seen in China (Zhan et al, ).…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Characterization of the Global Sources of Atmospheric Ammonia from Agricultural Soils

Aneja

Schlesinger

et al. 2020

JGR Atmospheres

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Global ammonia (NH 3 ) emissions to the atmosphere are projected to increase in the coming years with the increased use of synthetic nitrogen fertilizers and cultivation of nitrogen-fixing crops. A statistical model (NH 3 _STAT) is developed for characterizing atmospheric NH 3 emissions from agricultural soils and compared to the performance of other global and regional NH 3 models (e.g., Emission Database for Global Atmospheric Research, Magnitude and Seasonality of Agricultural Emissions, MIX, and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency). The statistical model was developed from a multiple linear regression between NH 3 emission and the physicochemical variables. The model was evaluated for 2012 NH 3 emissions. The results indicate that, in comparison to other data sets, the model provides a lower global NH 3 estimate by 58%, (NH 3 _STAT: 13.9 Tg N yr −1 ; Emission Database for Global Atmospheric Research: 33.0 Tg N yr −1 ). We also performed a region-based analysis (United States, India, and China) using the NH 3 _STAT model. For the United States, our model produces an estimate that is a~1.4 times higher in comparison to the Environmental Protection Agency. Meanwhile, the NH 3 _STAT estimate for India shows NH 3 emissions between 0.8 and 1.4 times lower when compared to other data sets. A lower estimate is also seen for China, where the model estimates NH 3 emissions 0.4 to 5 times lower than other data sets. The difference in the global estimates is attributed to the lower estimates in major agricultural countries like China and India. The statistical model captures the spatial distribution of global NH 3 emissions by utilizing a simplified approach compared to other readily available data sets. Moreover, the NH 3 _STAT model provides an opportunity to predict future NH 3 emissions in a changing world. − ), and nitrous oxide (N 2 O); and organic nitrogen such as urea, amino acids, and proteins. Many of these are biologically active, chemically reactive, and radiatively active in the Earth's atmosphere and biosphere, in contrast to nonreactive nitrogen gas (N 2 ).

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Characterization of the Global Sources of Atmospheric Ammonia from Agricultural Soils

Aneja

Schlesinger

et al. 2020

JGR Atmospheres

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“…Nitrogen (N) deposition has been an important part of global environmental change in recent decades 1 . Since the industrial revolution, industrial processes, agricultural development, and greater human activity have accelerated the emission of N oxides (NO x ) and ammonia (NH 3 ) 2,3 , thus increasing N deposition 4 . Nitrogen deposition in the global ecosystem was 34 Tg year −1 in the 1860s and 100 Tg year −1 in 1995 and it is projected to increase to 200 Tg year −1 by 2050 1,5 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased nitrogen supply promoted the growth of non-N-fixing woody legume species but not the growth of N-fixing Robinia pseudoacacia

Xiao

Guo

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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Nitrogen (N) is an essential macronutrient for plant development and growth, and the deposition of N has increased in recent decades. Legumes that fix N can also provide N for nearby species. However, N in soil inhibits N fixation. We tested the effects of N fertilisation on one N-fixing (Robinia pseudoacacia) and two non-N-fixing (Sophora japonica and Senna surattensis) woody legume species, which were subjected to five different N levels (0, 1.5, 2.9, 5.9 and 11.4 mg N per plant day−1) under greenhouse conditions. The growth of the two non-N-fixing species was promoted by N supply, while that of R. pseudoacacia was unaffected. Among the three species, R. pseudoacacia had the largest specific leaf area and chlorophyll concentration, S. japonica had the largest root-to-shoot ratio and main root-to-lateral root ratio, and S. surattensis had the largest leaf N and phosphorus concentrations. The N-fixing species was mostly unaffected by N supply. The growth, leaf chlorophyll concentration, and leaf number in the non-N-fixing species were promoted by N supply. The N-fixing species showed better growth in low-N environments, while under increased N deposition, its growth was similar to that of the non-N-fixing species.

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“…Across the United States, airborne concentrations of NH 3 and the proportional deposition of NH 4 + have increased markedly in recent years, as air pollution regulations have lowered the emissions of NO x ( Kharol et al, 2018 ; Li et al, 2016a ). Reduced forms of N (i.e., NH 4 ) are also important in China ( Zhan et al, 2015 ). Monitoring of ammonia in the atmosphere has improved markedly with its monitoring on tall towers ( Griffis et al, 2019 ) and the application of satellite remote sensing ( Van Damme et al, 2015 , Van Damme et al, 2018 ; Warner et al, 2017 ; Kharol et al, 2018 ).…”

Section: Atmospheric Depositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Atmosphere

Schlesinger

Bernhardt

2020

Biogeochemistry

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The atmosphere is composed of nitrogen, oxygen and argon, a variety of trace gases, and particles or aerosols from a variety of sources. Reactive, trace gases have short mean residence time in the atmosphere and large spatial and temporal variations in concentration. Many trace gases are removed by reaction with hydroxyl radical and deposition in rainfall or dryfall at the Earth's surface. The upper atmosphere, the stratosphere, contains ozone that screens ultraviolet light from the Earth's surface. Chlorofluorocarbons released by humans lead to the loss of stratospheric ozone, which might eventually render the Earth's land surface uninhabitable. Changes in the composition of the atmosphere, especially rising concentrations of CO 2 , CH 4 , and N 2 O, will lead to climatic changes over much of the Earth's surface.

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Inorganic nitrogen wet deposition: Evidence from the North-South Transect of Eastern China

Cited by 33 publications

References 43 publications

Characterization of the Global Sources of Atmospheric Ammonia from Agricultural Soils

Characterization of the Global Sources of Atmospheric Ammonia from Agricultural Soils

Increased nitrogen supply promoted the growth of non-N-fixing woody legume species but not the growth of N-fixing Robinia pseudoacacia

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