Inorganic nanoparticles engineered to attack bacteria

Miller, Kristen P.; Wang, Lei; Benicewicz, Brian C.; Decho, Alan W.

doi:10.1039/c5cs00041f

Cited by 242 publications

(168 citation statements)

References 345 publications

(792 reference statements)

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“…The issues of bacterial resistance have attracted considerable concerns in the scientific community. The development of new antibacterial agents thus becomes one great challenge . The cell membrane of bacteria could be destroyed by OH· through oxidization of the unsaturated bonds of phospholipids.…”

Section: Applications Of Nanozymesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Nanozyme Research

2018

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inflammatory response to combat infections and can also react with many important biomolecules including proteins, lipids, and nucleic acid polymers (RNA and DNA). [7] Low dosage of ROS plays important roles in signal transduction, cell proliferation/migration/differentiation, and body defense against pathogen invasion. However, abnormally elevated ROS level can destroy redox homeostasis and cause oxidative stress and serious damage of structure and function of macromolecules in the cell. Research during the last decade has shown that oxidative stress could lead to diseases such as chronic inflammation and eventually diabetes, cancer, as well as cardiovascular, neurological, and pulmonary diseases. [8] Enzyme systems (e.g., superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and catalase) are responsible for protecting cells from the detrimental effects of ROS by modulating the intracellular ROS level.Nanozyme can also modulate the ROS level in cells (Figure 2). [9] The ROS scavenging abilities of nanozymes largely originate from the SOD mimicking activities, which convert superoxide into H 2 O 2 and subsequently to O 2 and H 2 O, and thus reduce the intracellular ROS level and enhance cell viability. The generation of ROS originates from their peroxidases (POD) activities, which convert H 2 O 2 to OH· radicals, and oxidase activities, which convert O 2 to H 2 O 2 . Outside the cell, ROS can react with biologically active molecules (such as glucose, dopamine, glutathione, and adenosine triphosphate), organic compound (such as phenol and dyes), and pollutants from aqueous solutions. Thus the nanozymes could play important roles in in vitro test and environmental protection. [10] Earlier reports on nanozymes mainly focused on the aspect of experimental study and rarely focused on the theoretical work and mechanism clarification. In this progress report, we first introduce various nanozymes and highlight recent experimental development of new nanozymes that have been investigated to mimic various enzymes. Then we review their applications in various fields including biosensing, bioimaging, therapeutics, and environmental protection. At last, we summarize the catalytic mechanisms and address the challenges of experimental and computational research in this field. The Structure of NanozymesIssues of material design for high catalytical activity, selectivity, and durability are recently accentuated. Among them As a new generation of artificial enzymes, nanozymes have the advantages of high catalytic activity, good stability, low cost, and other unique properties of nanomaterials. Due to their wide range of potential applications, they have become an emerging field bridging nanotechnology and biology, attracting researchers in various fields to design and synthesize highly catalytically active nanozymes. However, the thorough understanding of experimental phenomena and the mechanisms beneath practical applications of nanozymes limits their rapid development. Herein, the progress of experimental and computational...

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Section: Applications Of Nanozymesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Nanozyme Research

2018

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“…20–22 With regard to the former, the biological activity of nanoparticles per se is dependent on a number of factors, including the core material, size and in particular engineered surface properties such as charge and hydrophobicity. 23–25 The unique properties of nanoparticles have been utilized for identification and targeting of various bacterial biofilms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Targeting bacterial biofilms via surface engineering of gold nanoparticles

et al. 2015

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Bacterial biofilms are associated with persistent infections that are resistant to conventional antibiotics and substantially complicate patient care. Surface engineered nanoparticles represent a novel, unconventional approach for disruption of biofilms and targeting of bacterial pathogens. Herein, we describe the role of surface charge of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) on biofilm disruption and bactericidal activity towards Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa which are important ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) pathogens. In addition, we study the toxicity of charged AuNPs on human bronchial epithelial cells. While 100% positively charged AuNP surface was uniformly toxic to both bacteria and epithelial cells, reducing the extent of positive charge on the AuNP surface at moderate concentrations prevented epithelial cell toxicity. Reducing surface charge was however also less effective in killing bacteria. Conversely, increasing AuNP concentration while maintaining a low level of positivity continued to be bactericidal and disrupt the bacterial biofilm and was less cytotoxic to epithelial cells. These initial in vitro studies suggest that modulation of AuNP surface charge could be used to balance effects on bacteria vs. airway cells in the context of VAP, but the therapeutic window in terms of concentration vs. surface positive charge may be limited. Additional factors such as hydrophobicity may need to be considered in order to design AuNPs with specific, beneficial effects on bacterial pathogens and their biofilms.

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“…We chose AuNPs possessing ligands with terminal benzyl headgroups, as these nanoparticles have been shown to interact strongly with the anionic cell surface of bacteria. 23,24 We used the robust and industrially used Candida Rugosa lipase as the enzymatic amplifier, 25 relying on the negative charge of the protein to provide electrostatic complementarity with the cationic nanoparticle, and hence inhibiting catalysis. 11,17,26,27 Given the ability of human olfaction to discern an enormous variety of scents, we had a wide range of pro-fragrance options to choose from.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensing by Smell: Nanoparticle–Enzyme Sensors for Rapid and Sensitive Detection of Bacteria with Olfactory Output

Duncan

Alexander

et al. 2017

ACS Nano

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We present here a highly efficient sensor for bacteria that provides an olfactory output, allowing detection without the use of instrumentation, and with a modality that does not require visual identification. The sensor platform uses nanoparticles to reversibly complex and inhibits lipase. These complexes are disrupted in the presence of bacteria, restoring enzyme activity and generating scent from odorless pro-fragrance substrate molecules. This system provides rapid (15 min) sensing and very high sensitivity (102 cfu/mL) detection of bacteria using the human sense of smell as an output.

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Inorganic nanoparticles engineered to attack bacteria

Cited by 242 publications

References 345 publications

Recent Advances in Nanozyme Research

Recent Advances in Nanozyme Research

Targeting bacterial biofilms via surface engineering of gold nanoparticles

Sensing by Smell: Nanoparticle–Enzyme Sensors for Rapid and Sensitive Detection of Bacteria with Olfactory Output

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