Inorganic Constituents in Soil

Nanzyo, Masami; Kanno, H.

doi:10.1007/978-981-13-1214-4

Cited by 18 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Based on that result, Sueto and Nakaishi (1992) reported that this commercial product is typically pure montmorillonite and confirmed the chemical composition of this clay supplied by the company (Kunimine Co., Ltd.). The purity of the same product was also reported by Nanzyo and Kanno (2018). 2) The dispersion saturated with NaCl was rinsed using the dialysis process with distilled water repeatedly.…”

Section: Montmorillonite Suspension Preparationmentioning

confidence: 97%

Effect of the concentration of NaCl and cylinder height on the sedimentation of flocculated suspension of Na-montmorillonite in the semi-dilute regime

Ghazali

Argo

Kyotoh

et al. 2019

Paddy Water Environ

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In this study, we focused on the effect of the degree of floc growth on the moving velocity of the interface between sediment of flocculated montmorillonite and supernatant in the semi-dilute suspension, which is characterized by the start of an extremely slow movement of interface followed by an abrupt settling and ending in consolidation. Na-montmorillonite suspension coagulated under different ionic strengths, ranging from 0.5 M to 1.5 M of NaCl, was placed in a settling cylinder. The initial height of suspension was varied from 13 cm to 50 cm. The flocculated suspension was left to settle in the cylinder after the manual mixing of end-over-end. Changes in the height of the interface between the flocculated sediment and the transparent supernatant were measured as a function of elapsed time. It was confirmed that the maximum settling velocity increased with an increase in the height of cylinder within the range of our measurement. This tendency was found to be more significantly pronounced by the growth of flocs. This result indicates the presence of a feed-forward mechanism to enhance the upward motion of fluid or downward motion of flocculated sediment, or both. That means, sedimentation is accelerated by the growth of big flocs, and the growth of big flocs is accelerated by the sedimentation. These motions will eventually induce the generation of an upward plume or channel of water. The formed plume flutters slowly with rather a large scale. We term this phenomenon the "sedimentation turbulence."

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Section: Montmorillonite Suspension Preparationmentioning

confidence: 97%

Effect of the concentration of NaCl and cylinder height on the sedimentation of flocculated suspension of Na-montmorillonite in the semi-dilute regime

Ghazali

Argo

Kyotoh

et al. 2019

Paddy Water Environ

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“…They are mainly silicate minerals with varied bonding structure [28]. Other common primary minerals in soils include oxides/hydroxides of titanium/iron/manganese, carbonates, as well as non-crystalline inorganic materials such as volcanic glasses [29]. Primary minerals undergo various physical, chemical, biochemical and human-induced weathering in soils.…”

Section: The Role Of Soils In Enhanced Weatheringmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of soils in the regulation of ocean acidification

Renforth

Campbell

2021

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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Soils play an important role in mediating chemical weathering reactions and carbon transfer from the land to the ocean. Proposals to increase the contribution of alkalinity to the oceans through ‘enhanced weathering’ as a means to help prevent climate change are gaining increasing attention. This would augment the existing connection between the biogeochemical function of soils and alkalinity levels in the ocean. The feasibility of enhanced weathering depends on the combined influence of what minerals are added to soils, the formation of secondary minerals in soils and the drainage regime, and the partial pressure of respired CO 2 around the dissolving mineral. Increasing the alkalinity levels in the ocean through enhanced weathering could help to ameliorate the effects of ocean acidification in two ways. First, enhanced weathering would slightly elevate the pH of drainage waters, and the receiving coastal waters. The elevated pH would result in an increase in carbonate mineral saturation states, and a partial reversal in the effects of elevated CO 2 . Second, the increase in alkalinity would help to replenish the ocean's buffering capacity by maintaining the ‘Revelle Factor’, making the oceans more resilient to further CO 2 emissions. However, there is limited research on the downstream and oceanic impacts of enhanced weathering on which to base deployment decisions. This article is part of the theme issue ‘The role of soils in delivering Nature's Contributions to People’.

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“…Isomorphous substitution is the substitution of a cation within the tetrahedral and octahedral layer lattice clay by a cation of lower-valent or lower charge having similar size (within permissible limit) leads to the development of permanent charge [20]. Examples are the permanent negative charge developed in the layer lattice clay structure of mica, vermiculite, illite, etc.…”

Section: Origin Of Chargementioning

confidence: 99%

Ion Exchange: The Most Important Chemical Reaction on Earth after Photosynthesis

Meetei

Devi

Chanu

2020

IRJPAC

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Ion exchange is the interchange of equivalent amount of ions from the solution with ions which are swarming in a boundary of charged surface in equilibrium. It is developed due to the presence of charge in the soil colloids or layer lattice clay minerals. The source of charge developed in the colloidal surface site of soil is mainly from two processes viz. isomorphous substitution and pH dependent charge. The charge can be positive or negative due to the exchange reaction in the layer lattice. The ion exchange capacity is the sum of cation exchange capacity (CEC) and anion exchange capacity (AEC). It depends on the types of soil and the amount of charge present in the layer lattice colloidal structure. With high negative charge in the lattice surface the CEC increases and with positive charge the AEC. Ions with higher charge have larger affinity to adsorbed more strongly than lower. Ion exchange capacity in soil has the ability to retained more nutrients in the form of cations or anions making available to plant for a long time which improved the fertility of soil. Leaching loss of different nutrients from the soil is reduced by holding different ions. Ion exchange processes have been widely used for heavy metal removal for waste water treatment and water purification because of its high remedial capacity, high removal efficiency and fast kinetic. Due to its applications in agriculture, environmental management, industries, waste water treatment in mining industries, laboratory, nanotechnology, geotechnical and other soil reclamation processes it is considered as the second most important reaction in the globe after photosynthesis.

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Inorganic Constituents in Soil

Cited by 18 publications

References 36 publications

Effect of the concentration of NaCl and cylinder height on the sedimentation of flocculated suspension of Na-montmorillonite in the semi-dilute regime

Effect of the concentration of NaCl and cylinder height on the sedimentation of flocculated suspension of Na-montmorillonite in the semi-dilute regime

The role of soils in the regulation of ocean acidification

Ion Exchange: The Most Important Chemical Reaction on Earth after Photosynthesis

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