Inorganic and organic fertilizers application enhanced antibiotic resistome in greenhouse soils growing vegetables

Fifteen-Year Application of Manure and Chemical Fertilizers Differently Impacts Soil ARGs and Microbial Community Structure

“…The long-term application of chemical fertilizer only moderately augmented the diversity of ARGs but had no apparent effect on the abundance of ARGs (Figure 2). This result was consistent with that in previous studies (Chen Q. et al, 2016;Xie et al, 2018b). The variation in the ARG profile between chemical fertilization treatments and the CK treatment was likely caused by alterations in the soil properties and the microbial community composition, including ARB already in the soil (Forsberg et al, 2014;Xie et al, 2018b).…”

“…This result was consistent with that in previous studies (Chen Q. et al, 2016;Xie et al, 2018b). The variation in the ARG profile between chemical fertilization treatments and the CK treatment was likely caused by alterations in the soil properties and the microbial community composition, including ARB already in the soil (Forsberg et al, 2014;Xie et al, 2018b). For instance, soil pH was found to be a main factor driving the differences in the soil microbial community structure between soils with and without chemical fertilizer application (Xie et al, 2018b).…”

“…The variation in the ARG profile between chemical fertilization treatments and the CK treatment was likely caused by alterations in the soil properties and the microbial community composition, including ARB already in the soil (Forsberg et al, 2014;Xie et al, 2018b). For instance, soil pH was found to be a main factor driving the differences in the soil microbial community structure between soils with and without chemical fertilizer application (Xie et al, 2018b). Although the CK treatment in this study had a diverse array of ARGs, the number and relative abundance of intrinsic resistance gene was significantly lower than that in manure-fertilized treatments.…”

“…Moreover, ARGs were observed to be stable in the microbial community of a soil that regularly received manure application (Heuer and Smalla, 2007). In addition, chemical fertilizer application can induce significant changes in soil properties and microbial communities (Wang et al, 2018;Xie et al, 2018b). Therefore, the importance of investigating and controlling ARGs and microbial communities in agricultural soils cannot be understated.…”

Uso combinado de harina de pórfido y materia orgánica para la mejora de las condiciones nutricionales e hídricas del suelo. Caso de estudio en el cultivo de lechuga (Lactuca Sativa L CV Neruda)

“…Mediante la fertilización ecológica se pretende aportar los nutrientes que necesite el cultivo y aumentar o mantener la fertilidad del suelo. Ello se consigue con unas medidas genéricas: aporte de materia orgánica mediante estiércol, compost, restos vegetales, cubiertas vegetales, entre otras; rotaciones y/o asociaciones de cultivo adecuadas, incluyendo leguminosas; cubiertas vegetales y uso de abonos verdes; manejo de suelo y aplicación de fertilizantes ecológicos [4].…”