Inocybe praetervisa group – A clade of four closely related species with partly different geographical distribution ranges in Europe

Abstract

Sequence data from a broad geographical region and different habitats show that the Inocybe praetervisa clade is comprised of four closely related species. These species of section Marginatae are characterized by having nodulose spores and a stipe that is abundantly pruinose only in the upper half. Inocybe praetervisa occurs in Southern Europe in mountainous mixed coniferous forests, and is not confirmed from Northern Europe. Inocybe rivularis occurs in northern boreal forests up to the lower alpine zone, associated with Betula in moist habitats, and is not confirmed from Southern Europe. Inocybe taxocystis is confirmed as a later synonym of I. favrei. The species has a wide geographical distribution range in Europe, mainly restricted to the alpine zone and moist soils, associated with Salix herbacea. Inocybe arctica is here described as a new species. It occurs in the arctic and higher alpine zones, associated with Dryas octopetala, Salix polaris, S. reticulata and S. herbacea. All species except I. arctica are shown to have an intercontinental distribution range and are confirmed from North America. Sequence data suggest the occurrence of one additional species in the alpine zone of China. A key to the species in the I. praetervisa group is provided.

Advances in the knowledge of the Inocybe mixtilis group (Inocybaceae, Agaricomycetes), through molecular and morphological studies

“…Due to lack of reference sequences and lack of comparative taxonomic studies, identification of Inocybe species is often challenging and many sequences and material remain unidentified or misidentified (Ryberg et al 2008). Previous ITS-based phylogenies integrating comparative morphological studies and distributional data have proven to be a good approach to resolve several species complexes (e.g., Larsson et al 2009, 2017, Cripps et al 2010, Esteve-Raventós et al 2015, 2016) and six species are recognized here within the I. mixtilis group. The addition of RPB2 sequences to the ITS data yielded a more robust phylogeny, especially concerning deeper nodes.…”

“…Further studies employing also molecular data have addressed related genera like Auritella (Matheny & Bougher 2006), subgenera like Mallocybe (Cripps et al 2010) or sections like Marginatae (Kropp et al 2010, Esteve-Raventós et al 2016) or Rimosae (Larsson et al 2009). At species level, several studies have integrated distributional and/or morphological data together with the ITS region to disentangle species complexes and to describe new species of Inocybe (e.g., Cripps et al 2010, Larsson et al 2014, 2017, Esteve-Raventós et al 2016, La Rosa et al 2017, Matheny & Bougher 2017). This integrative approach has proved useful to unravel species complexes.…”

New species and reports of Cuphophyllus from northern North America compared with related Eurasian species

“…At GB, DNA extractions, PCR, and sequencing of the ITS and nuc rDNA 28S (28S) regions were performed as described in Larsson et al (2018). For the most variable region of the second largest subunit of RNA polymerase II (rpb2), PCR was carried out with primers fRPB2-5F and bRPB2-7.1R as described in Lui et al (1999) and Matheny (2005) and sequencing with primers fRPB2-5F, fRPB2-6F, and bRPB2-7R (Liu et al 1999;Matheny 2005).…”

Solving the taxonomic identity of Pseudotomentella tristis s.l. (Thelephorales, Basidiomycota) – a multi-gene phylogeny and taxonomic review, integrating ecological and geographical data

“…We generated sequences from four regions for the study: the complete ITS region, including the 5.8S gene, and about 1200 bases of the 5´end of the LSU nuclear ribosomal DNA; about 600 bases of translation elongation factor subunit 1 alpha (Tef1α); and approximately 500 bases of the mtSSU. DNA extractions, PCR reactions and sequencing were performed as described in Larsson et al (2018). The primers used to amplify the complete ITS region and the 5´end of the LSU region were ITS1F (Gardes and Bruns 1993), LR21, LR0R and LR7 (Hopple and Vilgalys 1999); for Tef1α we used EF983F and EF1567R (Rehner and Buckley 2005); and for mtSSU we used MS1 and MS2 (White et al 1990).…”