Inoculant Preparation, Production and Application

Hungría, Mariangela; Loureiro, M. F.; Mendes, I. C.; Campo, R. J.; Graham, Peter

doi:10.1007/1-4020-3544-6_11

Cited by 64 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 109 publications

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“…In Brazil, commercial inoculants must contain the strains recommended by an official committee of rhizobiologists, and decisions on these strains are taken based on their agronomic performance in trials with several strains (Hungria et al, 2005). One important feature of the strains from this study is that they are all very effective in fixing N 2 and, indeed, 43 of them are recommended as the most effective for 31 of the 33 host legumes in this study (Table 1).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, combined analysis of other conserved and housekeeping genes may be necessary to define their exact taxonomic position, as has been recently shown by Vinuesa et al (2005b) for other Bradyrhizobium strains. The strains clustered into GG IV of the combined analysis represented one exception and, although classified as Bradyrhizobium in the Brazilian rhizobial collection SEMIA, they show greater sequence similarity in the 16S rRNA gene to members of Burkholderia (Menna, 2005).In Brazil, commercial inoculants must contain the strains recommended by an official committee of rhizobiologists, and decisions on these strains are taken based on their agronomic performance in trials with several strains (Hungria et al, 2005). One important feature of the strains from this study is that they are all very effective in fixing N 2 and, indeed, 43 of them are recommended as the most effective for 31 of the 33 host legumes in this study (Table 1).…”

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confidence: 99%

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RFLP analysis of the rRNA operon of a Brazilian collection of bradyrhizobial strains from 33 legume species

Germano

Menna

Mostasso

et al. 2006

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLO

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Genetic diversity in tropical rhizobial species is still poorly known. With the aim of increasing this knowledge, three ribosomal regions of 119 strains belonging to the official Brazilian culture collection of rhizobia and classified as Bradyrhizobium based on morphological and physiological characteristics in vitro were analysed by RFLP-PCR. The strains were isolated from 33 legume species, representing nine tribes and all three subfamilies; they all form very effective N 2 -fixing nodules and 43 of them are recommended for use in Brazilian commercial inoculants as the most effective for their hosts. For the 16S rRNA gene, type and reference strains of Bradyrhizobium japonicum fell into two major clusters, joined at a level of similarity of 50 %, which included 52 strains, 90 % of which were isolated from soybean. Two other clusters, joined at a similarity of 53 %, included reference strains of Bradyrhizobium elkanii, but not USDA 76 T ; furthermore, two other major clusters were identified and all strains were clustered at a final level of similarity of only 28 %. For the intergenic spacer (IGS) between genes coding for the 16S and 23S rRNA, strains were clustered at a final level of similarity of 27 %. Reference strains of B. japonicum fell into a major group with 51 strains, 84 % isolated from soybean, with a similarity of 59 %, while strains of B. elkanii fell into another major group, with a similarity of 55 %, clustering 44 strains, 59 % of which were isolated from hosts other than soybean. New clusters were also observed for the IGS region. The largest number of differences was detected in the analysis of the 23S rRNA gene, and 16 groups and isolated strains were joined at a very low level of similarity (16 %). In a combined analysis with the three ribosomal regions, the majority of strains isolated from soybean clustered with a similarity of 54 % with type and reference strains of B. japonicum, while most strains isolated from Brazilian indigenous legume species grouped with B. elkanii at a level of similarity of 46 %. All strains were clustered at a very low level of similarity (27 %), and at least two new clusters were clearly defined. These new clusters might be related to intraspecific differences or to novel subspecies, or even to novel species; indeed, strains from one of these clusters show higher 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to members of the genus Burkholderia. The results obtained in this study emphasize the high level of diversity of symbiotic diazotrophic bacteria in the tropics that still remains to be determined. INTRODUCTIONThe Leguminosae (known as the Fabaceae in the USA) is one of the largest families of plants, with over 18 000 species classified into around 650 genera, representing approximately one-twelfth of all known flowering plants and occupying nearly all terrestrial biomes (Polhill & Raven, 1981). Many species within this family are capable of establishing symbioses with a group of bacteria collectively called rhizobia, of which the most important feature is the capacity...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

RFLP analysis of the rRNA operon of a Brazilian collection of bradyrhizobial strains from 33 legume species

Germano

Menna

Mostasso

et al. 2006

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLO

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“…They have capacity to produce a wide range of enzymes and metabolites, the ability to produce auxin or indole acetic acid, solubilize phosphate, produce siderophores (Hmaeid et al 2014), survive and multiply in microhabitats associated with the root surface, in competition with other microbiota (Nivedhitha et al 2008). They can persist in soil, are stable in storage and culture and are able to tolerate environmental constrains such as stress caused by fluctuating soil water conditions, use of fertilizers or agrochemicals (both organic and conventional) and soil disturbance such as cultivation (Hungaria et al 2005). The success of microbial inoculation depends largely on the following: the plant species and cultivar, soil type, soil moisture and temperature conditions, the number of pathogens present in the soil around the plant and how the inoculants were prepared and applied (Babalola et al 2007).…”

Section: Benefits Of Microbial Inoculants As Biocontrol Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial Inoculants for Soil Quality and Plant Health

Alori

Dare²,

Babalola

2017

Sustainable Agriculture Reviews

102

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“…Formulações líquidas, por exemplo, podem apresentar diminuição na eficiência quando utilizadas em cultivos realizados no cerrado, uma vez que muitas das formulações líquidas não possuem substâncias protetoras em sua composição. Estas substâncias possuem a função de proteger as células bacterianas veiculadas contra dessecação e degradação oxidativa e são de ocorrência intrínseca na turfa utilizada em formulações sólidas (HUNGRIA et al, 2005). O desenvolvimento de novas formulações vem sendo sugerido por diversos autores como uma das necessidades para o aperfeiçoamento da tecnologia de inoculação (DENARDIN e FREIRE, 2000;TRIVEDI et al, 2005;YOUNG et al, 2006;HERRMANN e LESUEUR, 2013).…”

Section: Inoculantes Agrícolas Para Plantas Não Leguminosas: Biofertiunclassified

Aplicações da biodiversidade bacteriana do solo para a sustentabilidade da agricultura

Oliveira¹,

Costa²,

Ferreira³

et al. 2014

BBR - Biochem. Biotechnol.

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Brazilian agribusiness is of great competitivity mostly due to the lack of government subsidies and the historical efforts made in research and development by the public institutes and Universities. Nevertheless the Brazilian agriculture is fundamented in the use of fertilizers and agrochemicals that needs to be imported in huge amounts to supply the Brazilian farmers. In this sense, the safety and sustainability of the Brazilian agribusiness is subjected to the supply of these inputs and to the prices prevailing on the international market. In addition, a new concern is emerging in the global society, which has increased demands for food, feed, and energy that must be provided by the agriculture, although new sustainable farming practices urge to be implemented. Natural relationships between plants and soil microbes are on the heart of the matter, with growing scientific data supporting the use of the former-potential plant-bacteria associations in large scale to increase the crop productivity and hence the production of food and energy. The total substitution of nitrogen fertilizers in soybean crops by the biological nitrogen fixation held by rhizobia corroborates the efficiency of such associations, and point out for the need to expand this and other natural mechanisms directed to provide nutrients to cereals and other nonleguminous crops. To achieve this, much effort is also needed to reach a better understanding of the mechanisms controlling plant-bacteria associations, and to develop biofertilizer formulations presenting a high efficiency under a myriad of field conditions, as those found in Brazil. Biotechnological approaches aimed to reach this goal are reviewed and discussed throughout this manuscript. Keywords:Biofertilizer, plant growth-promoting bacteria, plant nutrition, plant inoculation. __________________________Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biotecnologia, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid (PR 445), km 380, Campus Universitário, Cx. Postal 6001, Londrina, Paraná, Brasil. *Autor para correspondência: Telefone: (43) 33715473, Fax: (43) 33714440, email: almoliva@uel.br RESUMO O agronegócio brasileiro possui grande competitividade internacional, principalmente pelos esforços historicamente dispendidos por institutos públicos de pesquisa e Universidades. No entanto, muito dos avanços obtidos pelo agronegócio brasileiro é decorrente do uso em larga escala de fertilizantes e agroquímicos, que devem necessariamente ser importados em grandes quantidades para suprir a demanda dos agricultores brasileiros. Neste sentido, a segurança e a sustentabilidade do agronegócio brasileiro estão ameaçadas pela disponibilidade e susceptibilidade destes insumos aos preços praticados pelo mercado internacional. Além disso, a sociedade global apresenta uma nova apreensão quanto à necessidade de alcançar produtividades mais elevadas e de uma maneira mais sustentável, para prover a população crescente com alimentos e energia. As relações naturais existentes entre as plantas e a microbio...

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Inoculant Preparation, Production and Application

Cited by 64 publications

References 109 publications

RFLP analysis of the rRNA operon of a Brazilian collection of bradyrhizobial strains from 33 legume species

RFLP analysis of the rRNA operon of a Brazilian collection of bradyrhizobial strains from 33 legume species

Microbial Inoculants for Soil Quality and Plant Health

Aplicações da biodiversidade bacteriana do solo para a sustentabilidade da agricultura

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