Innovative Wellness Models to Support Advancement and Retention Among Women Physicians

Ramas, Marie-Elizabeth; Webber, Sarah; Braden, Andrea L.; Goelz, Elizabeth; Linzer, Mark; Farley, Heather

doi:10.1542/peds.2021-051440h

Cited by 12 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Findings from 16 publications showed bias and/or inequities by gender and race (see Table 1). Eleven articles used an intersectional lens [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29]. There were inequities/biases associated with career progression, rate of promotion, admission into health professions, and remuneration.…”

Section: Descriptive Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Women of Color in the Health Professions: A Scoping Review of the Literature

Okoro,

Umaru,

Ray

2024

Pharmacy

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Women of color (WoC) in the health professions encounter challenges in advancement to higher positions, disparities in wages, discrimination, lack of expectation to achieve leadership positions, and absence of extensive support networks. Articles in the literature have addressed race and/or gender in the context of professional development. However, applying an intersectional lens or framework to better understand the contextual issues of professional development for WoC remains to be addressed. Thus, this scoping review aimed to (i) identify health professions literature that addresses disparities affecting WoC, and (ii) describe strategies and approaches to support WoC in the health professions. Methods: The literature searches were conducted in multiple databases, including PubMed and MEDLINE (Ovid); and Google and Google Scholar were used to “hand search” further articles including gray literature. Three independent reviewers reviewed and screened articles for inclusion in accordance with a guide. Search included articles on pharmacy or healthcare professions, published in English, and which met three content criteria: racial disparities/inequities, professional development/career advancement, and women or gender disparities Results: A total of 31 articles were included—medicine (17), nursing (1), pharmacy (7), other (4), and multiple health professions (2). Key findings included underrepresentation of women and minority groups, inequities in professional advancement and leadership positions for WoC, and greater dissatisfaction and attrition among minority and women professionals. Conclusion: WoC face unique and distinct challenges and barriers in their professional careers resulting from the intersectionality of not only race and gender, but also lived experiences and opportunities. Strategies to improve diversity and representation should include an intersectional framework or lens and be critically evaluated.

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Section: Descriptive Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Women of Color in the Health Professions: A Scoping Review of the Literature

Okoro,

Umaru,

Ray

2024

Pharmacy

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“…Our findings suggest an absolute burnout increase of over 20% in females, with most worklife items showing poorer scores among female residents, including control, chaos, home EMR use, program recognition and sleep impairment. Other potential contributors include parental responsibilities, harassment and discrimination [ 38 ], gendered expectations for listening [ 39 ], excess “invisible work” in female physicians [ 40 ] and low autonomy [ 41 ]. Strategies to reduce gender differences [ 39 ] include improving understanding of lived experiences, creating interventions to value invisible work, addressing EMR inequities [ 42 , 43 ], and providing greater control of workload to mesh with off-duty responsibilities.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resident worklife and wellness through the late phase of the pandemic: a mixed methods national survey study

Linzer,

Mallick,

Shah

et al. 2024

BMC Med Educ

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Background System contributors to resident burnout and well-being have been under-studied. We sought to determine factors associated with resident burnout and identify at risk groups. Methods We performed a US national survey between July 15 2022 and April 21, 2023 of residents in 36 specialties in 14 institutions, using the validated Mini ReZ survey with three 5 item subscales: 1) supportive workplace, 2) work pace/electronic medical record (EMR) stress, and 3) residency-specific factors (sleep, peer support, recognition by program, interruptions and staff relationships). Multilevel regressions and thematic analysis of 497 comments determined factors related to burnout. Results Of 1118 respondents (approximate median response rate 32%), 48% were female, 57% White, 21% Asian, 6% LatinX and 4% Black, with 25% PGY 1 s, 25% PGY 2 s, and 22% PGY 3 s. Programs included internal medicine (15.1%) and family medicine (11.3%) among 36 specialties. Burnout (found in 42%) was higher in females (51% vs 30% in males, p = 0.001) and PGY 2’s (48% vs 35% in PGY-1 s, p = 0.029). Challenges included chaotic environments (41%) and sleep impairment (32%); favorable aspects included teamwork (94%), peer support (93%), staff support (87%) and program recognition (68%). Worklife subscales were consistently lower in females while PGY-2’s reported the least supportive work environments. Worklife challenges relating to burnout included sleep impairment (adjusted Odds Ratio (aOR) 2.82 (95% CIs 1.94, 4.19), absolute risk difference (ARD) in burnout 15.9%), poor work control (aOR 2.25 (1.42, 3.58), ARD 12.2%) and chaos (aOR 1.73 (1.22, 2.47), ARD 7.9%); program recognition was related to lower burnout (aOR 0.520 (0.356, 0.760), ARD 9.3%). These variables explained 55% of burnout variance. Qualitative data confirmed sleep impairment, lack of schedule control, excess EMR and patient volume as stressors. Conclusions These data provide a nomenclature and systematic method for addressing well-being during residency. Work conditions for females and PGY 2’s may merit attention first.

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“…None of the abstracts mentioned disabled people. Six abstracts made the connection to discrimination against marginalized groups, mentioning the terms "women", "Indigenous women", "women of colour", "race", "gender", "non-binary", "LGBTQ", "URM person, of color", and burnout, and indicated that DEI actions are needed or were taken [169,[229][230][231][232][233]. One argued that DEI decreases burnout [234] and one argued that the purpose of DEI is to decrease burnout [235].…”

Section: Edi and Burnoutmentioning

confidence: 99%

Burnout through the Lenses of Equity/Equality, Diversity and Inclusion and Disabled People: A Scoping Review

Wolbring

Lillywhite

2023

Societies

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Burnout is a problem within the workplace including in higher education, the activity of activism, and in reaction to experiencing systemic discrimination in daily life. Disabled people face problems in all of these areas and therefore are in danger of experiencing “disability burnout”/”disablism burnout”. Equity/equality, diversity, and inclusion” (EDI) linked actions are employed to improve the workplace, especially for marginalized groups including disabled people. How burnout is discussed and what burnout data is generated in the academic literature in relation to EDI and disabled people influences burnout policies, education, and research related to EDI and to disabled people. Therefore, we performed a scoping review study of academic abstracts employing SCOPUS, the 70 databases of EBSCO-HOST and Web of Science with the aim to obtain a better understanding of the academic coverage of burnout concerning disabled people and EDI. We found only 14 relevant abstracts when searching for 12 EDI phrases and five EDI policy frameworks. Within the 764 abstracts covering burnout and different disability terms, a biased coverage around disabled people was evident with disabled people being mostly mentioned as the cause of burnout experienced by others. Only 30 abstracts covered the burnout of disabled people, with eight using the term “autistic burnout”. Disabled activists’ burnout was not covered. No abstract contained the phrase “disability burnout”, but seven relevant hits were obtained using full-text searches of Google Scholar. Our findings suggest that important data is missing to guide evidence-based decision making around burnout and EDI and burnout of disabled people.

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Innovative Wellness Models to Support Advancement and Retention Among Women Physicians

Cited by 12 publications

References 27 publications

Women of Color in the Health Professions: A Scoping Review of the Literature

Women of Color in the Health Professions: A Scoping Review of the Literature

Resident worklife and wellness through the late phase of the pandemic: a mixed methods national survey study

Burnout through the Lenses of Equity/Equality, Diversity and Inclusion and Disabled People: A Scoping Review

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