Innovative preparation route for uranium carbide using citric acid as a carbon source

Salvato, Daniele; Vigier, Jean-François; Blanco, Oliver Dieste; Martel, Laura; Luzzi, L.; Somers, J.; Tyrpekl, Václav

doi:10.1016/j.ceramint.2016.07.138

Cited by 17 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The value is slightly lower than that for UO 2.0 (5.4710 A, ICDD 03-065-0285), which may be caused by the amorphous carbon inclusion in the fluorite lattice in this situation. Similar result was also reported by Salvato et al 36…”

Section: Dsc-tg Study Of the Thermal Behavior Of The Precursorsupporting

confidence: 92%

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Low‐temperature synthesis of uranium monocarbide by a Pechini‐type in situ polymerizable complex method

et al. 2018

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Uranium monocarbide (UC) was successfully synthesized by the Pechini‐type in situ polymerizable complex technique (IPC) with the organic matter as the only carbon source. In the aqueous process, a mixture of citric acid (CA) and mannitol with UO22+ was polymerized to form a spongy‐like organic polymeric precursor without any precipitations. The structural evolution and formation mechanism of the precursor were investigated using XRD, DSC‐TG, SEM (EDX), TEM, and FT‐IR. XRD results demonstrated that UC was obtained with the UO22+/mannitol/CA molar ratios of 1.0/0.3/1.0 at a low temperature of 1400°C. SEM and TEM analyses revealed that the UO2 nanoparticles were uniformly distributed in the carbon matrix to form UO2/C nanocomposites, and submicrometer‐sized ellipsoidal UC particles cemented together. FT‐IR showed that a UO22+‐CA chelated structure was firstly obtained, achieving the molecular scale mixing of uranium and C. Then the in situ charring guaranteed the intimate contact of UO2 and C, leading to a low reaction temperature in carbothermal reduction owing to a short diffusion distance.

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Section: Dsc-tg Study Of the Thermal Behavior Of The Precursorsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…As the preparation of UC through carbothermal reduction can be given by the following equations:

{UO}_{2} false(s false) + 3 C false(s false) \to UC false(s false) + 2 CO false(g false)

{UO}_{2} false(s false) + 4 C false(s false) \to {UC}_{2} false(s false) + 2 CO false(g false)

{UO}_{2} false(s false) + 3 {UC}_{2} false(s false) \to 4 UC false(s false) + 2 CO false(g false)

…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low‐temperature synthesis of uranium monocarbide by a Pechini‐type in situ polymerizable complex method

et al. 2018

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“…Inspired by the work of Bayot et al and Petrykin et al we used peroxo-complexes for Nb and Ta ions, which are both water-soluble and stable. Citric acid, as described in refs − , is an ideal complexing agent for the fourth group metals and peroxo-coordination compounds of Nb and Ta. Moreover, when used in excess, it can be used as a carbon source for carbide preparation.…”

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confidence: 90%

“…7 We followed a different synthetic strategy. Based on the previous works of Matovićet al 8 (HfC), Salvato et al 9 (UC), Nizňǎnský1 0 (TiC), or Chen et al 11 (VC), we used an organic water-soluble compound as a carbon source. We attempted to find a way of (Ti, Zr, Hf, Ta, Nb) carbide preparation, in which all the precursors (metals, carbon) form an ideal mixture solute in water.…”

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confidence: 99%

Preparation of High-Entropy (Ti, Zr, Hf, Ta, Nb) Carbide Powder via Solution Chemistry

et al. 2021

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High-entropy ceramics is a new class of materials having a great potential and wide application. The carbide of Ti, Zr, Hf, Ta, Nb is a typical member of this group. It has been synthesized mostly through blending, milling, and high-temperature solid-state reaction of metal carbide precursors for each metal. This route needs extremely high temperature (2300 °C), which makes it energy and technology demanding. We have developed a chemical route for high-entropy carbide powder that needs a synthetic temperature that is several hundred degrees Celsius lower. A solution of desired metal citrates with an excess of citric acid was converted into a metal oxide/active carbon nanocomposite. Starting from a solution enabled ideal mixing of precursors on a molecular level, allowing us to skip any milling and blending steps. The nanocomposite was treated in vacuum at 1600 °C, giving a phase-pure high-entropy carbide. The intermediate compounds and products were characterized by means of solid-state analysis.

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“…Uranium oxides and uranium-based compounds require novel stabilization solutions against non-inert environments to achieve safe, efficient, profitable, and environmentally friendly systems for uranium extraction, recycling, recovery, transportation, storage, and fuel development. − Controlling uranium composites’ formation, with a homogeneous and stable oxide distribution, will be extremely useful for different applications under different atmospheric conditions. − Recently, different methods have been developed to control the uranium oxidation state . Stable uranium oxides may be used as catalysts, , semiconductors, , and more recently for fabricating uranium-based films for solar cells, sensing devices, nuclear science and technologies, and fission-tagging neutron capture neutron sensors. − Neutron sensors are relevant and are in tune with the regulations and control protocols for deterring nuclear weapon proliferation established by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stable Uranium Oxide Under Atmospheric Conditions: An Electroplating Technique for U Film Fabrication at Boron-Doped Diamond Electrodes

Peña-Duarte,

Acevedo-González,

Lagle

et al. 2023

ACS Mater. Au

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An electrodeposition technique of low-enriched uranium onto boron-doped diamond (BDD) electrodes for uranium electro-assembling, sequestration, uranium electrowinning (as the electroextraction alternative), and future neutron detection applications has been developed. Our findings through physicochemical characterization and an in-depth XPS analysis show that the U/BDD system consists of a blend of uranium oxides with IV, V, and VI oxidation states. Results show that U5+ is present and stable under open atmospheric conditions. The U electrodeposition on BDD creates smooth surfaces, free of voids, with uniform deposition of homogeneous tiny particles of stable uranium oxides, instead of chunky particles, and uranium compound mixtures, like large fibers of the precursor uranyl. Our electrochemical method operates without high temperatures or hazardous compounds. Uranium corrosion and oxidation processes occur spontaneously and parallel to the electrochemical formation of metallic uranium on BDD electrode surfaces, with metallic uranium reacting with water, producing fine particles of UO2. This work represents the first attempt to create a surface of uranium oxides, where the film thickness can be controlled for future applications, e.g., improving sensitivity in neutron detection technologies. Our U electro-assembling method provides a sustainable strategy for uranium electro-recovery from nuclear wastes, immobilizing uranium as a storage method or as U-film fabrication (U/BDD) for future neutron detection applications. Besides, this work contributes to uranium-based technologies, improving them and providing a better understanding of their electrochemical properties, e.g., uranium redox processes, uranium oxides’ formation, and stability evaluation. These properties are of remarkable need for uranium-based target formation. The use of our U/BDD method is proposed as an environmental protocol to recover and immobilize uranium-235, and other fissile materials, from civil and defense wastes, contaminated systems, and stockpiles.

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Innovative preparation route for uranium carbide using citric acid as a carbon source

Cited by 17 publications

References 28 publications

Low‐temperature synthesis of uranium monocarbide by a Pechini‐type in situ polymerizable complex method

Low‐temperature synthesis of uranium monocarbide by a Pechini‐type in situ polymerizable complex method

Preparation of High-Entropy (Ti, Zr, Hf, Ta, Nb) Carbide Powder via Solution Chemistry

Stable Uranium Oxide Under Atmospheric Conditions: An Electroplating Technique for U Film Fabrication at Boron-Doped Diamond Electrodes

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