Innovative Materials Processing Strategies: a Biomimetic Approach

Heuer, A. H.; Fink, David J.; Laraia, Vincent J.; Arias, José L.; Calvert, Paul; Kendall, Kevin; Messing, Gary L.; Blackwell, J.; Rieke, Peter C.; Thompson, David H.; Wheeler, A. P.; Veis, Arthur; Caplan, Arnold I.

doi:10.1126/science.1546311

Cited by 530 publications

(303 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Metals provide instant mechanical stability but are associated with poor overall integration and can fail because of infection or due to fatigue loading [7]. Ceramics generally have very low tensile strength, are brittle, and cannot be used in locations of significant torsion such as long bones [3,4,[59][60][61]. Alternatively, biomaterials such as type I collagen base implants are frequently used but have limitations related to rapid biodegradation or -when stabilized through cross-linking -foreign body responses and uncontrolled calcification [62,63].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Silk based biomaterials to heal critical sized femur defects

Meinel

Betz

Fajardo

et al. 2006

Bone

218

178

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Currently, close to 1 million bone grafts are performed each year for the purpose of skeletal augmentation [3][4][5][6][7]. Autografts remain the clinical gold standard, driving bone repair by providing host cells, growth factors, and a template for bone regeneration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silk based biomaterials to heal critical sized femur defects

Meinel

Betz

Fajardo

et al. 2006

Bone

218

178

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“…This highly complex process involves a series of molecular events such as selective recognition and deposition of calcium salts by proteins followed by the formation of a mineral phase comprising crystallites of uniform size, crystallographic orientation, and morphology (4,5). In most cases, the minerals are formed over a biomolecular scaffold or mold resulting in composite materials (6,7). The role of such biologically programmed composites varies from skeletal tissues to protective shells against the predators (8,9).…”

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confidence: 99%

Investigation of the role of ansocalcin in the biomineralization in goose eggshell matrix

Lakshminarayanan

Kini

Valiyaveettil

2002

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

100

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The role of proteins in biomineralization and the mechanism of eggshell formation are not well understood. We have isolated and purified the major protein, ansocalcin from goose eggshell matrix. The amino acid sequence study indicates that ansocalcin is homologous to the chicken eggshell protein, ovocleidin 17, and C-type lectins. Ansocalcin nucleates polycrystalline aggregates of calcite crystals in in vitro mineralization experiments. The polycrystalline aggregates obtained at higher concentration of ansocalcin appears to be similar to the crystals observed at the mamillary layer of the eggshell.B iomineralization is commonly referred to as the formation of biocomposites consisting of layered assembly of biomacromolecules such as proteins with well ordered calcium-rich inorganic phase (1-3). This highly complex process involves a series of molecular events such as selective recognition and deposition of calcium salts by proteins followed by the formation of a mineral phase comprising crystallites of uniform size, crystallographic orientation, and morphology (4, 5). In most cases, the minerals are formed over a biomolecular scaffold or mold resulting in composite materials (6, 7). The role of such biologically programmed composites varies from skeletal tissues to protective shells against the predators (8, 9). These highly complex, hierarchically ordered and multifunctional composites are formed under mild conditions with size ranges from nano-to centimeter scale, exhibiting unusual mechanical properties that outperform synthetic materials (10-15). Such structures appeared to originate from organized assembly of biomacromolecules such as proteins, polysaccharides or proteoglycans, and the inorganic salt (16). The organic macromolecules act as templates through self-assembly to facilitate interaction with the insoluble matrix and to induce the desired stereochemistry for the construction of organized structures (17-19). Biomacromolecules are known to be involved in controlling the nucleation, growth, size, and shape of the mineral phases (20). Often these macromolecules are functionalized with acidic groups such as carboxylic acid, sulfonate, and phosphate moieties, which allow them to be an effective metal ion chelator to interact with the inorganic matrix (21-23).Avian eggshells present a unique and interesting model for exploring the process of biomineralization, in which CaCO 3 layers are created by the selective nucleation and deposition of calcite crystals by proteins. Moreover, the active sites on the protein recognize calcium ions and induce nucleation of specific polymorph of CaCO 3 and control the morphology of mineral phase. In the case of chicken eggshells, Ϸ5 g of CaCO 3 is deposited within 22 h in an acellular medium as the egg passes through the oviduct, which makes avian eggshells one of the fastest mineralized hard tissues in biological systems (24). The structure of an avian eggshell consists of two principal external layers, namely a membrane layer that surrounds the albumin and a calcified sh...

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“…biomaterials ͉ nanostructures ͉ silaffin ͉ biomineralization ͉ ceramics C omplex mineralized composite systems in nature provide rich ground for insight into mechanisms of biomineralization and novel materials designs (1)(2)(3)(4). Some of the more common sources of inspiration include seashells, insect exoskeletons, extracellular matrices involved in bone and other hard tissues, and biosilica skeletons.…”

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confidence: 99%

Novel nanocomposites from spider silk–silica fusion (chimeric) proteins

Foo

Patwardhan

Belton

et al. 2006

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

187

136

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Silica skeletal architectures in diatoms are characterized by remarkable morphological and nanostructural details. Silk proteins from spiders and silkworms form strong and intricate self-assembling fibrous biomaterials in nature. We combined the features of silk with biosilica through the design, synthesis, and characterization of a novel family of chimeric proteins for subsequent use in model materials forming reactions. The domains from the major ampullate spidroin 1 (MaSp1) protein of Nephila clavipes spider dragline silk provide control over structural and morphological details because it can be self-assembled through diverse processing methods including film casting and fiber electrospinning. Biosilica nanostructures in diatoms are formed in aqueous ambient conditions at neutral pH and low temperatures. The R5 peptide derived from the silaffin protein of Cylindrotheca fusiformis induces and regulates silica precipitation in the chimeric protein designs under similar ambient conditions. Whereas mineralization reactions performed in the presence of R5 peptide alone form silica particles with a size distribution of 0.5-10 m in diameter, reactions performed in the presence of the new fusion proteins generate nanocomposite materials containing silica particles with a narrower size distribution of 0.5-2 m in diameter. Furthermore, we demonstrate that composite morphology and structure could be regulated by controlling processing conditions to produce films and fibers. These results suggest that the chimeric protein provides new options for processing and control over silica particle sizes, important benefits for biomedical and specialty materials, particularly in light of the all aqueous processing and the nanocomposite features of these new materials.biomaterials ͉ nanostructures ͉ silaffin ͉ biomineralization ͉ ceramics C omplex mineralized composite systems in nature provide rich ground for insight into mechanisms of biomineralization and novel materials designs (1-4). Some of the more common sources of inspiration include seashells, insect exoskeletons, extracellular matrices involved in bone and other hard tissues, and biosilica skeletons. The formation of natural inorganic-organic composites is a multistep process, including the assembly of the extracellular matrix, the selective transportation of inorganic ions to discrete organized compartments with subsequent mineral nucleation, and growth delineated by preorganized cellular compartments. Silica skeletons found in nature are based on nanoscale composites wherein the organic components, usually proteins, are functional parts of the skeletal structures while also serving as silica-forming components (5, 6). As a result, materials' toughness is improved, strength is retained, and fine morphological control is achieved, all hallmark attributes of biological composites.Silica is widespread in biological systems and serves different functions, including support and protection in single-celled organisms, such as diatoms through to higher plants and animals (7,8...

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Innovative Materials Processing Strategies: a Biomimetic Approach

Cited by 530 publications

References 36 publications

Silk based biomaterials to heal critical sized femur defects

Silk based biomaterials to heal critical sized femur defects

Investigation of the role of ansocalcin in the biomineralization in goose eggshell matrix

Novel nanocomposites from spider silk–silica fusion (chimeric) proteins

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