Innovative green approach for the selective extraction of high-purity selenium from hazardous selenium sludge

Selenium (Se) recovery for technological applications from environmental matrices based on biotic and abiotic mechanisms

“…The most used method for getting pure Se from anode slime, currently the primary source of Se, is chemical Se refining. The whole procedure can be summarized into three steps: (i) characterization of the recovered product; (ii) separation of the impurities; (iii) conversion of the captured Se to Se(0) by reduction [73,231,232]. The aim of step (i) is to identify the elemental composition of the recovered Se containing product using X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD).…”

“…Although as high as 99% pure Se can be obtained through chemical refining, it has the following disadvantages: complex process, large reagent consumption, low yield, and production of severe pollution [231]. Physical methods such as zone refining and vacuum distillation have been studied for Se refining [231]. However, high concentrations of volatile impurities (1.12% of Te, 0.06% of Cu, and 0.01% Pb) have hindered the purification of Se [231].…”

“…Physical methods such as zone refining and vacuum distillation have been studied for Se refining [231]. However, high concentrations of volatile impurities (1.12% of Te, 0.06% of Cu, and 0.01% Pb) have hindered the purification of Se [231]. An approach combining chemical impurity separation and vacuum distillation was studied, and 70% Se was purified to 99.998% [231].…”

Materials interacting with inorganic selenium from the perspective of electrochemical sensing

“…Department of Environmental Protection Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata Electronic Supplementary Information (ESI) available: [details of any supplementary information available should be included here]. See DOI: 10.1039/x0xx00000x sludge with content of Se up to 90 wt.% 9 . In general, wastewaters from different industrial processes 10 could contain a significant amount of Se up to tens of mg L -1 ref 11 .…”

A clean and efficient method for purifying crude selenium based on a selective leaching - directed decomposition purification process

“…At present, publicly reported selenium purification methods mainly include chemical methods and physical methods [10,11]. The use of these methods must be determined according to the characteristics of the raw materials and product requirements.…”